IMPACT OF CLIMATE VARIATION ON MALARIA INCIDENCE RATES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ladoke Akintola University of Technolo gy, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

10.21608/jesp.2025.447384

Abstract

Malaria remains a major public health concern in the sub-Saharan Africa The climate variabil
ity, especially rainfall, influences malaria transmission via mosquito breeding habitats with re
gional variations. This study evaluated the correlation between malaria incidence rates and rainfall 
patterns from 2020 to 2022 in Nigeria, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of Congo 
countries, alongside a descriptive epidemiological review of national control policies. 
The results showed that malaria incidence in Nigeria declined from 313.76 to 305, in Mozam
bique from 234 to 223, and the Democratic Republic of Congo from 330 to 310. Correlation anal
ysis showed a strong negative relationship between rainfall and malaria incidence in Nigeria (r= 
0.765) and Mozambique (r= -0.991), but a strong positive correlation in the Democratic Republic 
of Congo (r= 0.895). Nigeria showed the effective control measures, followed by Mozambique. 

Keywords

Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology
Volume 55, Issue 2
August 2025
Pages 169-174

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