EFFICACY OF PENTAVALENT ANTIMONIAL INJECTION IN IMPROVING THE OXIDATIVE, NITROSATIVE STATUS AND IMMUNE CELLULAR ENZYME ACTIVITY IN TREATING SAUDI PATIENTS WITH CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Almaarefa University, Riyadh 11597

2 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Faisal University P.O. Box 400, AlAhsa19822

3 Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47912

4 Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi 11911

Abstract

Macrophages, within which Leishmania sp. replicate, generate large amounts of reactive
oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species to kill these parasites. The present study aimed to
assess the oxidative and nitrosative stresses and activities of key immune response enzymes in
the serum of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) before and after treatment with
sodium stibogluconate as well as in the control individuals. Serum activities of superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and levels of reduced
glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) as well as those of L-arginase,
myeloperoxidase (MPO), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were studied. The activities of Larginase,
MPO, ADA, and MDA and levels of NO were significantly elevated (P < 0.001),
whereas those of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and levels of GSH were significantly reduced (P <
0.001) before treatment compared with those after treatment and in control individuals.
Treatment ameliorated these agents in comparison with the untreated group, but there were
still variations between the values of the treated and control groups. Thus, oxidative and
nitrosative stresses may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of untreated CL.

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