The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801SKIN REACTIVITY TO ALLERGENS IN RABIGH AREA, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA2953029480610.21608/jesp.2013.94806ENMOHAMAD SALAH M.HASSANDepartment of Microbiology, Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.MOUFAGTAYEBDepartment of Family Medicines, Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ELAMIR MAHMOUDAMIRDepartment of Parasitology,
Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.AKRAM MOHAMMADWALIDepartment of Microbiology,
Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.FAWAZ SIDIGMOHAMEDDepartment of Microbiology,
Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20200610This study determined the pattern of skin prick test reactivity to allergens in patients with airway allergy residing in Rabigh Area, based on data analysis of skin prick test results. Skin prick tests of 160 Saudi attended Al Nakheel Polyclinic between July, 2012 and April, 2013. Allergen extracts set was used to test them. Out 160 patients, 114 (71%) reacted to one or more allergens, who were 73 (64%) adults and 41(36 %) children. The majority of adults (17.8%) reacted to six<br />allergens and children (19.5%) reacted to five ones. The most frequently reacting allergen was house dust mites followed by Candida albicans then Cladosporium spp. The maximum number of positive tests per patients was 13 in adults, compared to 10 in children. A significantly higher proportion of adults were reacting to house dust mites, Aspergillus and Penicillium. Sensitivity to allergens was common in patients with airway allergy residing in Rabigh areaThe Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801ENTERIC PROTOZOAN PARASITES IN STRAY CATS IN KUWAIT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO TOXOPLASMOSIS AND RISK FACTORS AFFECTING ITS OCCURRENCE3033149480710.21608/jesp.2013.94807ENNADRA-ELWGOUD M.I.ABDOUVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
Kuwait.+Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.MAHA K.AL-BATELVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
Kuwait.OSAMA M.E.EL-AZAZYVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
Kuwait.ATTIA M.SAMIVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
Kuwait.+Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.QAIS A.H.MAJEEDDepartment of Science, College of
Basic Education, The Public Authority for Applied Education, Kuwait.Journal Article20200610In Kuwait, stray cats were surveyed for enteric protozoan infection using fecal examination and their sera were tested for Toxoplasma gondii IgG using indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT) as well as for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)<br />antibodies and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) antibodies using ELISA. Out of 240 fecal samples examined 22 (9.2%) were found to be infected with oocysts of four species of coccidian protozoa. Isopspora felis was the most predominant enteric<br />protozoan parasite (7.1%), followed by T. gondii (2.1%), I. rivolta (1.6), Sarcocystis was only found in one case (0.4%). Juvenile cats (≥ 6 months old) had higher infection rate with oocyst of enteric protozoa than older cats (p-value<br />0.001). Sero-survey of 240 stray cats revealed that 19.6% were positive to T. gondii IgG. Toxoplasma sero-positivity was observed in higher number of adults compared to young cats suggests that with age the risk of exposure to T. gondii increases. While concurrent retroviral infections were not found to be associated with increased risk for developing T. gondii antibodies.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI CERCARIAL HOST LOCATION AND INFECTION UNDER SIMULATED NATURAL CONDITIONS IN EGYPT3153259480810.21608/jesp.2013.94808ENFOUADYOUSIFMedical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
(TBRI), Egypt.MENRIETROUSHDYMedical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
(TBRI), Egypt.SHADIAEL- DAFRAWYMedical Malacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
(TBRI), Egypt.Journal Article20200610This study was performed in water ditches under simulated natural conditions in Egypt to elucidate the effect of various environmental factors on Schistosoma mansoni cercarial host location and infection of the definitive host (using albino mice). Evaluation of these factors was dependent on both infection rate of exposed mice as well as the schistosome worm load under the same experimental conditions. The seasonal water temperature proved to be a very important factor and this was proven by the infection rate of mice and the worm load recovered were lower in January and April (16oC and 22oC midday water temperature) and much higher in July and October (29oC and 25oC). The daytime factor is similarly important as temperature illustrated by the schistosome infection of mice groups exposed at 8-10 am was much higher than in groups exposed between 1pm and 3pm (p<0.001). The greatest infection rate of mice and worm load were obtained when the shedding snails were close to the exposed group of mice. Both criteria increased with the increase of cercarial density in the water. The length of exposure period is also an extremely important factor for schistosome infection, being highest 87.5% (p<0.001) in3 hours exposure period. Infection rate was found to be 88.2% and 55.6% of shedding snails were located at water surface and midway to the bottom, respectively, and no infection occurred when located at the bottom. The schistosome infection of mice decreased in presence of increasing density of the floating plant Eichhornia crassipes in the ditch water, but low condensation of the submersed plant Ceratophyllum demersum appeared to have stimulating effect.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND EGYPTIAN INFANTILE COLIC3273329480910.21608/jesp.2013.94809ENADEL S.A.AliDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.Maher B.M.BoreiDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Excessive infant crying is a common and often stress-inducing condition for parents that can ultimately result in infant abuse. Although the infantile colic is reported commonly and causes appreciable distress for both parents and pediatricians, its pathogenesis remains unclear, despite 40 years of research. This work studied the role of H. pylori in infantile colic. This study was conducted in a primary health care office in Sharkia Governorate. The study included 50 infants with infantile colic according to Wessel’s criteria, along with age and sex matched 50 healthy controls. All infants without apparent cause for their colic underwent full history taking, clinical examination and H. pylori antigen in their stools. This study supports the new evidence for the role of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of infantile colic. H. pylori stool antigen was present in 31(62%) of cases in contrast to 10(20%) of controls (P<0.0001). Normal vaginal delivery, male, vomiting and breast feeding may be risk factors for H. pylori infection in this age period.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801MANAGEMENT OF HEARING IMPAIRMENT IN CHILDREN3333409481010.21608/jesp.2013.94810ENGAMAL M.EL-SERAFYConsultant of Hearing and Balance, Military Medical Academy, Egypt.MAMDOUH M.EL-BAHNASAWYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and
Fevers, Military Medical Academy, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Hearing loss in children is often a silent and hidden handicap. Children with hearing loss frequently appear to be normal, and often their handicaps are not apparent. Hearing loss that is undetected and untreated can result in speech, language,<br />and cognitive delays. Early identification and intervention with hearing inquired child improve language, communication, and cognitive skills. Sudden or progressive sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by dizziness following barotrauma<br />should prompt consideration of traumatic perilymph fistula. Early surgical exploration is recommended to improve hearing and vestibular symptoms.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801PERIOPERATIVE ACUTE PHASE RESPONSE AND OUTCOME OF HEPATIC RESECTION, AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY3413509481110.21608/jesp.2013.94811ENMOHAMEDABBASDepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.YOUSSEFFAROUKDepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.AHMED ABDELAZIZHASSANDepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.MOHAMED SAIEDHEDAYADepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.HUSSAMHAMDYDepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.HUSSEINEZZATDepartment of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.SAYEDMAREIDepartment
of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo
University, Egypt.HANAA HAMEDARNAOUTDepartment
of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo
University, Egypt.MONANOSSEIRDepartment of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.MERVATELDAMARAWYDepartment of ICU, Theodor Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O.B. 30. Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Identification of patients at risk of postoperative complications could have an impact on the indications for a procedure as well as permitting modifications of treatment to reduce the surgical risk. This experimental study evaluated the correlation between peri-operative acute phase response and outcome of hepatic resection. The study was conducted on sixty healthy golden hamsters, which underwent partial hepatectomy. They were arranged in 3 groups (20 per each). One day prior<br />to resection, fracture of the left hind leg was done in group I (G I) & wound infection had been created in group II (GII); while nothing done in group III (GIII) that acted as a control. Blood samples to estimate SGPT and serum albumin (as<br />basic investigations for hamsters liver function) and serum IL–6 and CRP (as acute phase reactants) were taken preoperatively, immediately after resection and for the consecutive 3 days post operatively. The mean serum level of both acute phase reactants increased in GI and GII preoperatively and continues to rise immediately after resection. Post-operatively; among the three groups, the mean serum level of both reactants was higher in GI than in GII that was in turn higher than in GIII except when the postoperative complications were more severe than the other group, then this relation changed.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801INFECTION CONTROL TO AVOID SURGICAL SITE INFECTION3513729481310.21608/jesp.2013.94813ENMOSTAFA H.ABOU-HATABConsultant of General Surgery, Military Medical Academy.MAMDOUH M.EL-BAHNASAWYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and
Fevers, Military Medical Academy.Journal Article20200610Infection control is a discipline that applies epidemiologic and scientific principles and statistical analysis to prevent or reduce rates of nosocomial infections. Effective infection control programs proved to reduce the rates of nosocomial infections and to be cost-effective. It is a key component of the broader discipline of hospital epidemiology. As an example, the anesthesia team acts every day in a highly complex and high risk environment for the transmission of pathogenic organisms and induction of infectious complication. In order to achieve the main goal of preventing or reducing the risk of hospital-acquired infections, a hospital epidemiology program should have the following oversight functions and responsibilities: Surveillance, either hospital-wide or targeted Education about prevention of infections. Outbreak investigations cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of equipments and disposal of infectious waste hospital employee health, specifically after exposure to either blood-borne or respiratory pathogens, Review of antibiotic utilization and its relationship to local antibiotic resistance patterns, Prevention of infections due to percutaneous intravascular devices. Development of infection control policies and procedures oversight on the use of new products that directly or indirectly relate to the risk of nosocomial infections.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801MOSQUITO VECTORS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES: ARE THEY NEGLECTED HEALTH DISASTER IN EGYPT?3733869481410.21608/jesp.2013.94814ENMAMDOUH M.EL-BAHNASAWYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and Fevers, Military Medical Academy.EMAN EBRAHIMABDEL FADILNursing School, Alexandria Armed Forces Hospital, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of
Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University,
Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200610In spite of the great technological progress achieved worldwide, still arthropod borne infectious diseases is a puzzle disturbing the health authorities. Among these arthropods, mosquitoes from medical, veterinary and economic point of view top all groups. They are estimated to transmit disease to more than 700 million people annually worldwide mainly in Africa, South America, Central America, Mexico and much of Asia with millions of deaths. In Europe, Russia, Greenland, Canada, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and other temperate and developed countries, mosquito bites are now mostly an irritating nuisance; but still cause some deaths each year. Mosquito-borne diseases include Malaria, West Nile Virus, Elephantiasis, Rift Valley Fever, Dengue Fever, Yellow Fever and Dog Heartworm…. etc. Apart from diseases transmission, mosquitoes can make human life miserable. The successful long term mosquito control requires the ecological and biological knowledge of where and how they develop. The importance of mosquitoes is given herein to clarify the problem and to think together what one must do?The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801MONTHLY ABUNDANCE OF RODENT AND THEIR ECTOPARASITES IN NEWLY SETTLED AREAS, EAST OF LAKES, ISMAILIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT3873989481510.21608/jesp.2013.94815ENIMAN M.BAHGATDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Rodents and their ectoparasites were studied inside and outside houses in the newly settled areas, east of lakes, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Forty traps per month in each of the two sides were used for collecting rodent during 2009. From<br />221 rodent were collected from inside houses; Mus musculus N=115 (52.04%), Rattus rattus. frugivorous N=54 (24.43%), R. r. alexandrinus N=40 (18.10%) and R. norvegicus N=12 (5.43%). From 177 rodent were collected from outside houses; M. musculus N=4 (2.3%), R. r. frugivorous N=29 (16.43%), R. r. alexandrinus N=37 (20.9%), R. norvegicus N=36 (20.3%), Gerbillus pyramidum N= 67 (37.9% and Jaculus jaculus N=4 (2.3%). Total ectoparasites per rat inside houses were 765 (3.46 E/Rat) which were classified as fleas, N=464 (2.11 F/R); lice N=150 (0.68 L/R) and mites N=151 (0.68 M/R). From outside house, total ectoparasites per rat were 984 (5.5 E/R) which were classified as fleas, N=410(2.31 F/R); lice N=100 (0.56 L/R), mites N=400 (2.23 M/R) and ticks, N=74 (0.42 T/R). From indoors two<br />fleas species were recorded (Xenopsylla cheopis and Ctenopsyllus segnis); one species of lice (Polyplax spinulosa) and four species of mites (Laelaps nuttall, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Dermanyssus gallinae and Eulaelaps stabularis). The outdoors ectoparasites were; six fleas species (X. cheopis, X. ramesis, Pulex irritans, C. segnis, Stenoponia tripectinata and Nosopsylla sinaiensis); one lice species (P. spinulosa); Six mites species (L. nuttalli, O. bacoti, D. gallinae, E. stabularis, Haemogamasus pontiger and Hirstionyssus isabellinus) and immature stages of two ticks species (Rhipicephalus sp. and Hyalomma sp.). Most of these ectoparasites were recorded infesting G. pyramidum.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801IMPACT OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BREEDING SITES ON MOSQUITO LARVAL ABUNDANCE AT ISMAILIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT3994069481610.21608/jesp.2013.94816ENIMAN MOHAMEDBAHGATDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610The distribution and monthly abundance of mosquito larvae in released water, drainage canals and sewage water tanks in Ismailia governorate were investigated. The results obtained indicated the presence of five culicine (Culex. pipiens, Cx.<br />pusillus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. theleri and Ochlerotatus. caspius) and two anopheline (Anopheles. multicolor and An. pharoensis) mosquito species. Significantly higher larval density was recorded in sewage water (n= 5534; 46.08%) as compared with released water (n= 2903; 24.17%) and drainage water (n= 3573; 29.75%). Culex pipiens was the most dominant mosquito species in the three habitats. The effects of environmental parameters including pH, biological and chemical oxygen demands, day time water temperature, plant growth, salinity, total organic matter and concentrations of heavy metals on larval population density were investigated. The positive correlations observed between heavy metals concentrations in the three habitats suggested relative uniformity of the sources of metal pollutants. Culex pipiens larvae demonstrated high tolerance to elevated levels of heavy metals in sewage water and compensatory effects of high nutrient levels generally associated with sewage or domestic waste. High densities of culicine larvae were accompanied<br />by low density of anopheline larvae. This was attributed to water chemistry & competitive interactions.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801IgG-INDEX AS EARLY PREDICTOR FOR NEUROLOGICAL MORBIDITY IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MENINGITIS4074149481710.21608/jesp.2013.94817ENAFAF ALIMASOUDDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.NADIA ABDELAATYABDELKADERDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.EMAN MOHAMEDBAYIOMYDepartment of Neurolog, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.DINAELSHENAWYDepartment of Clinical Pathology,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.ENAS ANWERKHATTABDepartment of
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Fayoum University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Diagnostic procedures to predict the prognosis of acute meningitis are of paramount importance in order to choose the appropriate level of further surveillance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive power of IgG–index as CSF<br />biomarker for disease prognosis in patients with acute meningitis. This is a prospective study done on forty patients; group I: Twenty patients with the clinical diagnosis and CSF analysis of acute bacterial meningitis and group II: Twenty patients with the clinical diagnosis and CSF analysis of aseptic meningitis. All the patients were subjected to routine clinical and laboratory evaluation and complete CSF analysis. Intrathecal IgG synthesis was measured using radial immunodiffusion (RID) technique. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) was done at discharge .The duration of hospital stay was recorded. The IgG-index was the only independent predictor for unfavorable outcome (GOS < 5) in patients' groups' especially aseptic group. The best cut off value of IgG index for early prediction of unfavorable outcome (GOS < 5) in bacterial meningitis group was ≥6.75 with AUC of 0.922 and 95% CI of 0.769-1.07 and sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 93.7%. While, in aseptic meningitis group was ≥7.9 with AUC of 1 and 95% CI of 1.00-1.00 and sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801INCREASING BEDBUG, CIMEX LECTULARIUS, INFESTATIONS IN KUWAIT4154189481810.21608/jesp.2013.94818ENOSAMA M.E.EL-AZAZYPublic Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources, Veterinary Laboratories,
PAAFR.BAHJAAL-BEHBEHANIDepartment of Science, College of Basic Education,
PAAET, Kuwait.NADRA-ELWGOUD M.I.ABDOUPublic Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources, Veterinary Laboratories,
PAAFR.+Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Bedbug, Cimex lectularius, human infestations were reported in the State of Kuwait in the last 2 years. Eleven separate infestations from different localities were received at the Veterinary Laboratories indicating that bedbug is widespread in the State of Kuwait. There was circumstantial evidence to suggest the transfer of bugs with recent immigrants or used furniture. The spread of infestation can be attributed to the increase in migrant labor and their mobility inside the country. The increase in reported cases appears also consistent with a worldwide increase in bedbug infestations.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801A SIMPLE TECHNIQUE FOR STAINING OF PLATYHELMINTHS WITH THE LACTOPHNOL COTTON BLUE STAIN4194239481910.21608/jesp.2013.94819ENADAWIA A.M.HENEDIVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
P. O. Box 21422, Safat 13075, Kuwait.OSAMA M.E.EL-AZAZYVeterinary Laboratories, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources,
P. O. Box 21422, Safat 13075, Kuwait.Journal Article20200610This paper describes a simple technique for staining of flatworms using lactophenol cotton blue (LPCB). The staining was tested on 2 trematode species: Heterophyes heterophyes and Mesostephanus appendiculatus, and one cestode: Diplopylidium acanthotetra, which were collected from the intestine of stray cats in Kuwait. The specimens were mounted in a small amount of the LPCB stain on a clean slide for 2-3 minutes before covering with a cover slip. The technique rapidly and clearly differentiated the internal structures of the helminthes. Its speed and simplicity are advantages over other staining methods. It is easily used in wide-scale surveys where a large number of platyhelminths have to be identified and it is suitable for field studies.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801MICROFILARIA IN BREAST ASPIRATION - AN UNCOMMON FINDING4254279482110.21608/jesp.2013.94821ENRAJIB KUMARMONDALDepartment of Pathology, Vill-Barjora, Schooldanga, BSMC, Bankura, West
Bengal, India.RUDRANARAYANRAYDepartment of Pathology, Vill-Barjora, Schooldanga, BSMC, Bankura, West
Bengal, India.HENAKAWSARDepartment of Pathology, Vill-Barjora, Schooldanga, BSMC, Bankura, West
Bengal, India.SADAKKASALIDepartment of Pathology, Vill-Barjora, Schooldanga, BSMC, Bankura, West
Bengal, India.KUMAR TAPANGHOSHDepartment of Pathology, Vill-Barjora, Schooldanga, BSMC, Bankura, West
Bengal, India.Journal Article20200610Filariasis is a major public health problem in many tropics and subtropics of Africa, Western Pacific and parts of the Americas, affecting over 83 countries. It is also a public health problem in India. A large majority of the cases found in India are attributed to infection by Wuchereria bancrofti which mainly affects the lymph nodes and the lymphatic channels. Breast is an unusual site for filariasis. In the present case report the patient presented with a gradually increasing breast lump, clinically<br />diagnosed as fibroadenoma.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801ZOONOSES FROM CATS: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EGYPT4294469482310.21608/jesp.2013.94823ENABDEL-HAMEED A.SABRYFaculty of Medicine, Al-Fayoum University, Al-Fayoum, (*President, Al-Fayoum
University), Egypt.MAHMOUD A. H.FOUADDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.AYMAN T. A.MORSYTropical
Medicine Unit, The Ministry of Interior Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200610A zoonosis is an animal disease that is transmissible to humans. Humans are usually an accidental host that acquires disease through close contact with an infected animal, who may or may not be symptomatic. Children are at highest risk for infection because they are more likely to have close contact with pets. Cats are responsible for transmission of an extensive array of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic zoonotic pathogens. The route of transmission can be through the saliva (e.g., bites or contaminated scratches), feces, respiratory secretions, direct contact, or by the cat acting as a vehicle and source of tick or flea exposure. Although cats have been implicated in transmission of zoonosis to their owners, risk of transmission from contact with cats is low and may be further reduced by simple precautions. There is a need for education on zoonotic disease prevention practices for pet-owning households with individuals at higher risk of infection,<br />and to educate future veterinarians during their early years in veterinary school about the risks associated with their future jobs. Also, zoonotic disease awareness training is a valuable service to animal shelter workers.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LIVER OF MICE AFTER EXPERIMENTAL ENVENOMATION WITH ANDROCTONUS AMOREUXI SCORPION VENOM4474569482510.21608/jesp.2013.94825ENHAMDY A.FETAIHDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt.NAHLA M.SHOUKRYDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.BELAL A.SOLIMANDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.MAHMOUD E.MOHALLALDepartment
of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Egypt.HOWAYDA. S.KHALEDDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.Journal Article20200610A total of 78 adult male Albino mice were divided into thirteen groups (6 mice in each). One served as a control group and the other twelve groups were venom treated groups. The mice of treated groups were injected with 0.1 ml saline solution<br />in which a particular amount of scorpion venom. The first 6 groups were subcutaneously injected with 1/2 LD50 (0.05 g/g body weight), while the other 6 groups were injected with 1/4 LD 50 (0.025 g/g body weight) by the same route.<br />The animals from each group were anesthetized with ethyl ether and sacrificed at different time intervals (3, 6, 9, 12 hrs, 4 & 7days post toxin administration). The microscopic examination of liver tissue obtained from envenomed animals<br />showed variable histopathological changes being severely increased with the time interval of envenoming. The most obvious changes in the liver were acute cellular swelling, hydropic degeneration, congestion of central veins and portal blood vessels. Besides, extramedullary hematopoiesis and invaginations in nuclei of hepatic cells, with formation of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions were observed.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801PREVALENCE AND EFFECT OF A COMBINED TREATMENT ON PNEUMOCYSTITIS PNEUMONIA4574629482710.21608/jesp.2013.94827ENNADA A.ELNADIDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine,
Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.ALZAHRAA E.ALMASRYDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.MOSTAFA MABOSDERADepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Pneumocystitis may cause fatal pneumonia in premature, seriously ill infants at intensive care units. The present study evaluated the routine treatment applied at Sohag pediatrics department for neonatal and infantile pneumonia (in NICU &<br />PICU) on PCP and to compare between the stained slides and real time-PCR in diagnosing Pneumocystis jirovecii. Sucked sputum from 21 pneumonic infants was collected, some for Giemsa stain and microscopic examination and the rest for<br />PCR. The same procedure was done after regression of the symptoms and before release from the units. Serum samples were also collected on admission and discharge for CRP readings which was also used as an indicative of the healing process. Out of 21 pneumonic neonates and infants examined, 12 (57.1%) showed P. jirovecii in sputum samples with a significant difference between both groups (p=0.2). 10 of them (83.3%) became negative for p. jirovecii under the routine regimen of treatment. Also 2 cases were infected with microspora, both improved at the end of treatment. While real time PCR was negative in all cases pre and post treatment. CRP levels regressed after treatment in all cases except 2 as one showed post treatment P. jirovecii in the sputum.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF NITAZOXANIDE AND PAROMOMYCINE IN TREATMENT OF CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS IN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN4634709482810.21608/jesp.2013.94828ENSALAH M. M.HUSSIENDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.OSAMA H.ABDELLADepartment of Parasitology, FacultY
of Medicine, Qena University, Egypt.ANWAR H.ABUHASHIMDepartment of Parasitology, FacultY
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.GAMAL A.ABOSHIESHADepartment of Parasitology, FacultY
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.MOHAMAD A. A.TAHADepartment of Parasitology, FacultY
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.AHMED S.EL-SHEMYDepartment of Pediatric, FacultY
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.MOHAMAD M.EL-BADERDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty
of Medicine, Assuit University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Ninety children infected with Cryptosporidium parvum attending Al-Azhar University Teaching Hospital (Assuit) were chosen (60 males & 30 females) with age range from 6 months to ten years. The patients were divided into two groups of 45 patients for each (G1 & G2). All patients suffered from chronic diarrhea for more than fifteen days. Cross-matched 45 children suffering from chronic diarrhea were used as a control group (G3). Stool samples were collected and examined for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts using Sheather's sugar and Modified Ziehl- Nelseen stain techniques. The first group (G1) received Nitazoxanide (100 mg and 200 mg every 12 hours for 3 days for children aged 6 months to 3 years and children aged 4 to 10 years respectively), G2 received Paromomycin (25mg/kg/day for 2 weeks). Third group received placebo. Significant improvement and shortening of the duration of diarrhea occur in G1; of 45 patients received Nitazoxanide 39 cases showed complete clinical and laboratory cure (86.6 %), 5 cases showed clinical improvement with reduction in the number of oocysts and 1 case showed no cure. In G2 of 45 cases received Paromomycin 31 cases showed complete cure (68.8 %), 8 cases showed clinical improvement with reduction of oocysts number and 6 cases were not cured. Nitazoxanide proved highly effective than Paromomycin in cryptosporidiosis.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801LIMB-SALVAGE ANGIOPLASTY IN POOR SURGICAL CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND DIABETIC PATIENTS4714809482910.21608/jesp.2013.94829ENHUSSAMHAMDYTheodor Bilharz Research Institute, Embaba 30, Giza, Egypt.M.EL-KOLLYTheodor Bilharz Research Institute, Embaba 30, Giza, Egypt.H.EZZATNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.M.ABBASNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.Y.FAROUKNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.M.NASERNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.M.MAGDYNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.A.ELRAOUFNational
Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (NIDE), Egypt.Journal Article20200610Critical limb ischemia (CLI) in high surgical risk patients with chronic liver diseases has a grave prognosis with a one-year mortality rate of 20% and a oneyear amputation rate of 25% after the initial diagnosis. According to Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC)-II Guidelines, revascularization (surgical & endovascular) is the treatment of choice for patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). The primary goal of revascularization is to relieve ischemic rest pain, heal ulcers, prevent amputation, improve patient’s quality of life (limb salvage) and secondary goal was the periprocedural complications. Endovascular techniques include balloon angioplasty, stents, stent-grafts, and plaque debulking procedures. Surgical options, identification of patients at risk of postoperative complications could have an impact on the indications for a procedure as well as permitting modifications of treatment to reduce the surgical risk. This study evaluated the treatment out comes after limb salvage angioplasty for patients who otherwise would be candidates for primary amputation due to poor co-morbid conditions as chronic liver disease and diabetes. The clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations and abdominal ultrasonography were performed to all patients to evaluate their liver status. Patients were classified according to Child-pugh classification into child A, B & C. All patients were subjected to either detailed arterial duplex or C.T. angiography to assess their arterial lesions from January 2008- January 2010. 95 patients with critical limb ischemia (Rutherford categories 4, 5, 6) were treated by primary percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). No patient was excluded on the basis of the extent of arterial occlusive disease. The primary end points were immediate technical success, clinical improvement and limb salvages rates. Secondary end points were periproce ural complications and mortality. Most of the patients were male (54.7%) with mean age 62 (48-70 years). Underlying cirrhosis due to HCV was (82.2%), HBV (5.4%), while mixed viral infections was (12.4%). 54% were categorized as Child B, 32% as child A and 14% as child C. Associated diabetes mellitus was present in 96% of the cases, hypertension in 64.2%, ischemic heart disease in 74% and hyperlipedemia in 32%. Rest pain, tissue loss, or both, were the presenting symptoms in 83% while infec472 tion and ulcer were present in the other 17% of patients. The total numbers of interventions were 154; the treated lesions were 89 in the tibial arteries, 12 in the popliteal artery, 44 in the superficial femoral artery, 3 in the common femoral artery and 6 in the iliac arteries with initial technical success rate of 93.6% and periprocedural complications of 12.6%. All patients were in Rutherford clinical category 4, 5, 6 none of these patients had a previous bypass operation. Mean follow-up was 15 months. The limb-salvage rate was 87.4%. Eighty patients (84.2%) of toe amputation sites healed primarily. three patients with rest pain had resolution of their symptoms after angioplasty. All technical failures were due to inability to cross the lesions. Of the 6 technical failures, 4 required amputation, and 2 refused any further therapy.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SENSILLA ON ANTENNA AND MAXILLARY PALPS OF FIVE CULICINE MOSQUITOES IN SOHAG GOVERNORATE4814919483010.21608/jesp.2013.94830ENREFAAT M.A.KHALIFADepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.NADA A.EL-NADYDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.AMAL. M.AHMEDDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.FATEN, A.HASSANDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Mosquitoes are unquestionably the most medically important arthropod vectors of disease. The maintenance and transmission of the pathogens that cause malaria, lymphatic filariasis, and numerous viral infections are absolutely dependent on the availability of competent mosquito vectors. Although the medical community has known for over a century the role played by mosquitoes in the transmission of malaria and lymphatic filariasis, these diseases continue to have a devastating influence on less privileged populations throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The present study was done to identify the different culicine mosquitoes in four different districts in Sohag Governorate and to describe and compare the various types of sensilla located on their antenna and maxillary palps using scanning electron microscopy.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801ARSENIC PESTICIDES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: EXPOSURE, POISONING, HAZARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS4935089483110.21608/jesp.2013.94831ENMAMDOUH M.EL-BAHNASAWYMilitary Medical Academy, Egypt.AMINA EL-HOSINIMOHAMMADMilitary Medical Academy, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Arsenic is a metalloid element. Acute high-dose exposure to arsenic can cause severe systemic toxicity and death. Lower dose chronic arsenic exposure can result in subacute toxicity that can include peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, skin<br />eruptions, and hepatotoxicity. Long-term effects of arsenic exposure include an in Due to the physiologic effects of arsenic on all body systems, chronic arsenicpoisoned patient is a major nursing challenge. The critical care nurse provides valuable<br />assessment and interventions that prevent major multisystem complications from arsenic toxicity.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801IMPACT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI-GIARDIASIS COINFECTION ON CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN5095169483210.21608/jesp.2013.94832ENHANAA H.ELDASHDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Al-Fayoum University, Al-Fayoum, Egypt.OSAMA E. M.BEKHITDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Al-Fayoum University, Al-Fayoum, Egypt.ALKASSEM A.ALGAMEELDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine,
Al-Fayoum University, Al-Fayoum, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) affects 10-20% of school-aged children. Helicobacter pylori and Giardia intestinalis were reported among organic causes of RAP, with different prevalence particularly in developing countries as common<br />association diseases causing agents. This study evaluated the incidence of H. pylori and G. intestinalis co-infection in RAP Egyptian among 90 children and 90 crossmatched healthy controls. H. pylori (HP) infection was diagnosed by detection of<br />HP stool antigen (HPSA), ELISA and/or HP antibody (IgG), ELISA in serum, while G. intestinalis by stained stool smears.<br />The HP infection was detected in 60 (66.7%) patients and 37 (41%) controls with a statistically significant difference p=0.001. Giardiasis was found in 47 (52.2%) patients and 30 (33.3%) controls with a statistically significant difference p= 0.02. The incidence of HP infection among cases was higher among age group above 5 years (p=0.001), as a significant predictor for RAP. The association of H. pylori and G. intestinalis was among 36 (40.0%) patients and 11 (12.2%) controls with a significant difference (p<0.001).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801FATTY ACIDS CONTENTS IN BIOMPHALARIA ALEXANDRINA DURING THE COURSE OF INFECTION WITH SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI5175269483310.21608/jesp.2013.94833ENMOMEANA B.MAHMOUDDepartment of Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Imbaba 30, Giza, Egypt.KAMELIAEL-SAYEDDepartment of Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Imbaba 30, Giza, Egypt.AHMED T.SHARAF EL-DINDepartment of Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Imbaba 30, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200610The study examined the effects of larval trematode infection on the neutral lipid and phospholipid content of Biomphalaria alexandrina infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Uninfected snails were used as matched controls. As determined by<br />qualitative high-performance silica gel thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), the major neutral lipids present in the whole bodies and digestive gland-gonad complexes in both infected and uninfected snail populations were free sterols, free fatty<br />acids, and triacylglycerols, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylcho-line and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Quantitative analysis by HPTLC with visible and UV scanning reflectance densitometry showed the snail's digestive gland lipid level was found to be almost halved in 20 days post infection; a more then 80% reduction being visible after the subsequent 40 and 60 days.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801SOIL TRANSMITTED PARASITES IN QUALYOBIA GOVERNORATE5275369483510.21608/jesp.2013.94835ENAMANY F.EL FAKAHANYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt.MOHAMED S.YOUNISDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt.ALI EL-SAIDALIDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt.AZZA S.EL-GHAREEBDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt.RABAB EL SAYEDOMARDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha,
Egypt.Journal Article20200610The study determined the relation between prevalence of intestinal parasites and soil-transmitted parasites among households in Shiblanga representing a rural area of Qualyobia Governorate and Benha City representing an urban area of the same Governorate. The effect of soil's type on the intensity of parasites and to provide guidance on the prevention and control of soil transmitted parasitic infections for future studies in this field. This study was conducted at Benha City and Shiblanga village representing the urban and rural areas of Qualyobia Governorate. Geoparasites were investigated in-doors, around houses, in the fields and the streets from both areas. One hundred soil samples from Benha city and one hundred soil samples from Shiblanga village were collected .each hundred soil samples was collected in the form of: 25 samples from the fields, 25 samples in-indoor yards, 25 samples the streets,25 samples around houses. Approximately 200g soil was collected in plastic bags at 2-10cm depth from different parts. Stool samples from households in same areas were collected after taken oral consent. All soil samples were screened for parasites using different parasitological methods (Zinc sulphate flotation, ether sédimentation technique, modified Baerman’s apparatus and modified Berlese technique). All stool samples were examined using direct smear, formalin–ether concentration techniques for detection of helminthes eggs, and modified acidfast staining for detection of protozoa. The results showed that86/200soil samples were contaminated with different parasites, the prevalence rate of 43%. Soil samples from Shiblanga village showed<br />higher level of parasitic contamination (56%) and Benha city showed a lower level of contamination by different parasites (30%). Soil samples obtained from Manshiet El-Nour district, Benha revealed the highest level of parasitic contamination.<br />While, in Shiblanga, El-Mansheya district revealed the highest level of parasitic contamination. Clay soil was the most type of soil contaminated by helminthes. The10 houses out of 50 houses had the same parasites in the soil and in stool of their households, 8 houses in Shiblinga village and 2 houses in Benha city.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801EFFECTS OF MIDGUT BACTERIA AND TWO PROTEASE INHIBITORS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL AND MIDGUT ENZYMES OF CULEX PIPIENS INFECTED WITH WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI5375469483610.21608/jesp.2013.94836ENMOHAMAD A.FOUDADepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.MOSTAFA I.HASSANDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.KOTB M.HAMMADDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.AHMED I.HASABALLAHDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Laboratory investigations were carried out to asses the effect of some proteases inhibitors on the reproductive potential of Culex pipiens females resulted from larvae treated with different protease inhibitors. The fecundity and engorgement of<br />symbiotic and aposymbiotic C. pipiens females were significantly reduced. The blood meal digestion period increased significantly. On the other hand, enzyme band with molecular weight of 40 KDa which may be cysteine protease was detected in untreated symbiotic and aposymbiotic female midguts. The results may explain that the absence of this enzyme bands in treated female midguts may be due to the inhibition caused by (E-64) a cysteine protease inhibitor.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801EFFECTS OF MIDGUT BACTERIA AND TWO PROTEASE INHIBITORS ON THE TRANSMISSION OF WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI BY THE MOSQUITO VECTOR, CULEX PIPIENS5475539483710.21608/jesp.2013.94837ENMOSTAFA I.HASSANDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.MOHAMAD A.FOUDADepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.KOTB M.HAMMADDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.AHMED I.HASABALLAHDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200610Laboratory investigations were carried out to study the effect of two protease inhibitors on the transmission of W. bancrofti filarial by Culex pipiens and to study the susceptibility interaction between filaria and protease inhibitors. The results<br />obtained revealed that, infection rates were variable among untreated and treated symbiotic and aposymbiotic Cx. pipiens females resulted from third instar larvae treated with E-64 and EDTA. The survival rate was variable among untreated and<br />treated symbiotic and aposymbiotic females resulted from third instar larvae treated with E-64 and EDTA. Protease inhibitor (E-64) caused inhibition of the parasite development and transmission by means of ceasing catalytic activity- responsible for parasite migration-caused by parasitic larval stages inside the mosquito vector.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058343220130801SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME (SARS) CORONAVIRUS: POSSIBLE RE-EMERGENCE OF THE ASIAN-GLOBAL NOVEL THREAT5555609483810.21608/jesp.2013.94838ENHAZEM H. M.KHALILHUSSIEN ZAGLOULKANDEELAYMAN T. A.MORSYJournal Article20200610