The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401EFFICACY OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES AGAINST RAT FLEA (XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS) AMONG RODENT SPECIES IN CAIRO GOVERNORATE, EGYPT168967010.21608/jesp.2015.89670ENMOHAMED ISMAILSOLIMANResearch Institute of Medical Entomology, Ministry of Health, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.AZZA S.ABD EL- HALIMResearch Institute of Medical Entomology, Ministry of Health, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.MICHEAL WILLIAMMIKHAILResearch Institute of Medical Entomology, Ministry of Health, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200515The efficacy of malathion, chlorpyrifos and deltamethrine to oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis associated different rodent species was carried out in Cairo Governorates. The results indicated that the Lc50 values were1.972, 1.023 and 0.185 % for Malathion, Chlorpyrifos and Deltamethrine, respectively. The values of Lc90 were 4.452, 2.269 & 0.456 % for the three insecticides respectively. Data also indicated that deltamethrine was effective on fleas than malathion and chlorpyrifos. The slope function was 3.625, 3.70 & 3.267, respectively.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401TOXOPLASMA GONDII SEROPOSITIVITY IN RENAL PATIENTS: RATE, PATTERN, PREDICTORS AND RELATED MORBIDITY7158967410.21608/jesp.2015.89674ENHAJARHAMZAClinical Laboratories, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.HENDEL-TAWEELDepartment of
Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.SAHARABOU-HOLWDepartment of
Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.SAFIAKHALILDepartment of
Parasitology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.EMANWAGDYDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria
University, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to their depressed immunity. T.gondii is a ubiquitous parasite that causes severe manifestations in immunocomprmised patients. The present study investigated rate, pattern, predictors and related morbidity of T. gondii seropositivity in CKD patients.<br />The study included four groups: i-patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD; n = 60); iipatients with systemic lupus erythematosus on immunosuppressive therapy for lupus nephritis (SLE; n=30) iii- Renal transplant recipients (RTR; n=30) and iv- healthy controls (HC; n = 30). Anti-Toxoplasma IgG, IgM & IgG avidity were determined using enzyme immunoassays. Patients' medical data and information on plausible risk factors for toxoplasmosis were recorded. Results revealed that T.gondii seropositivity rates in HD, SLE and RTR groups (61.7, 60 & 70% respectively) were significantly high compared to HC (30 %). Among seropositive patients, 79% of those with negative IgM displayed high IgG avidity confirming past infection. None of IgM positive patients had low IgG avidity. The latter was detected in some IgM negative patients. Multivariate analysis showed that seropositivity was significantly associated with undercooked meat consumption (adjusted OR= 6.256, CI= 2.167-18.056) and blood transfusion (adjusted OR = 5.953, CI= 2.987-11.864).<br />No significant association could be found between T. gondii seropositivity and the clinical manifestations of CKD patients.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401INTERPLAY BETWEEN VITAMIN D STATUS AND ANTIVIRAL THERAPY AMONG CHRONIC HEPATITIS C EGYPTIAN PATIENTS17228967910.21608/jesp.2015.89679ENMOUSTAFA HAMEDABD ELALIMDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.DOAA ZAKARIAZAKYDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.IBRAHIM ABD EL GHANYMOTAWAEDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, El-Menia University, El-Menia, Egypt.NESREEN AMOHAMEDDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine,ADLY NABIHNAGIBJournal Article20200515Vitamin D has been shown to play an important immunomodulatory role; deficiency of vitamin D has been recently associated to the lack of response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients. This study evaluated the interrelationship between serum level of vitamin D and early response to antiviral therapy in Egyptian patients with chronic HCV infection. A total of 45 patients with chronic HCV infection who received antiviral treatment (Pegylated<br />interferon and Ribavirin), their vitamin D serum level was assessed once at the start of treatment and 12 weeks later, when the EVR was determine by Quantitative HCV-RNA by PCR. The results showed that vitamin D status has no correlation with viral load and hepatitis activity by biopsy and without significant association between vitamin D deficiency and the antiviral therapy response. However, there was significance improvement in level of vitamin D after 12 weeks of receiving the antiviral therapy of HCV.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401LIGHT AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ON SERRASENTIS SAGITTIFER LINTON, 1889 (ACANTHOCEPHALA): PALAEACANTHOCEPHALA: RHADINORHYNCHIDAE) INFECTING THE COMMON SEA BREAM IN EGYPT23288968010.21608/jesp.2015.89680ENHODA SAADYMOHAMADAINDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.ASMAAADELDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Serrasentis sagittifer is one of the most important acanthocephalan parasites parasitizing fish. This species attach to the intestinal wall via their armed proboscis which is anchored by rows of recurved spines. In the present study, Twenty two out of 50 fish specimens (44.0%) were found to be naturally infected by adult worms of Serrasentis Sagittifer Linton, 1889 (Acanthocephala: Rhadinorhynchidae) which were collected from the stomach and intestine of the common sea bream Pagrus pagrus (family: Sparidae) from locations along the Red Sea at Hurghada City, Egypt. The light and scanning microscopic study revealed that the adult worm possessed a proboscis which was long, cylindrical with a uniform width measured 0.81±0.020 (0.77-0.84) mm in length and 0.48±0.020 (0.33-0.69) mm in width. Claviform, armed with 25<br />(23-28) longitudinal rows of hooks which show a distinct dorsoventral asymmetry, with ventral hooks stouter, larger. Proboscis receptacle was 2.12±0.30 (2.10-2.14) long, doublewalled, with ganglion at mid-level; two unequal, long and thin lemnisci 2.9±0.30(2.41-3.33) length, arised from the base of the neck, and extend up to the med-level of the trunk. the present species is compared morphologically and morphometrically with some of the previously recorded species isolated from different host species, which revealed that the present species should be classified as Serrasentis sagittifer with a new host record in Egypt.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401BEYOND IMMUNIZATION: TRAVELERS' INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1- DIARRHEA29428968110.21608/jesp.2015.89681ENMAMDOUH M. M.EL-BAHNASAWYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and Fevers, Military Medical Academy and Department
of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptTOSSON A.MORSYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and Fevers, Military Medical Academy and Department
of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptJournal Article20200515Travelers' diarrhea is the most common illness in persons traveling from resource-rich to resource- poor regions of the world. The fear of developing diarrhea while traveling is common among travelers to any part of the developing world. This concern is realistic; 40 to 60% of travelers to these countries may develop diarrhea. Diarrheal diseases represent one of the five<br />leading causes of death worldwide. Morbidity and mortality are significant even in the United States where diarrhea is more often than not a "nuisance disease" in the normally healthy individual.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401ILLNESS ANXIETY DISORDER RELATED TO FILARIASIS: A CASE REPORT43468968210.21608/jesp.2015.89682ENSAGARKARIADepartment of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai.NILESHSHAHDepartment of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai.SUSHMASONAVANEDepartment of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai.AVINASH DESOUSADepartment of Psychiatry, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai.Journal Article20200515Lymphatic filariasis is a parasitic disease which is associated with anxiety and depression and may also result in social isolation. We present here a case of illness anxiety disorder where the patient developed a morbid fear that he will develop filariasis.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR- ALPHA (TNF-α) IN HEPATOCYTES INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN VACCINATED, SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI-CHALLENGED MICE47608968610.21608/jesp.2015.89686ENSAMIA E.ETEWADepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.NAGLAA F.ABD EL-AALDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.SARA A.ABDELRAHMANDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty
of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.EMAN H.ABD EL BARYDepartment of Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.MAHMOUD A.EL-SHAFEIDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty
of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a complex role in pathophysiological changes caused by schistosomiasis in the liver cells as induced apoptosis. So, The highlighted experimentally the role of TNF-α in hepatocytes apoptosis, using that as an assessment of the efficacy of antischistosomal vaccination by mixed crude antigens preparations [Cercarial antigen preparation (CAP) + soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) + soluble egg antigen(SEA)] by parasitological, histo-pathological and histochemical studies using Feulgen stain of hepatoytes DNA, a serological study also of serum TNF- α level by ELISA. Fifty two laboratory bred Albino male mice, were used in this study. They were classified into four groups (13 mice in each group), G1: normal control, G2 as infected control while G3 supported by Freund's Adjuvant (F.<br />Adj) then infected and G4 vaccinated with combined antigens (CAP, SWAP and SEA) + F. Adj, then infected. Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 9 weeks post infection, parasitological (Kato-Katz thick smear for egg count), histopathologial {haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of hepatic sections}, histochemical (feulgen staining of hepatocytes DNA) and ELISA to estimate serum TNF-α level were performed. The data showed that vaccination with combined antigens showed protective effect on vaccinated then Schistosoma challenged mice, hepatocytes induced apoptosis was directly proportional with the TNF-α serum level, and the protection degree of potential combined vaccine was inversely proportional with serum TNF-α level and induced apoptosis.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401LASSA FEVER OR LASSA HEMORRHAGIC FEVER RISK TO HUMANS FROM RODENT-BORNE ZOONOSES61708968910.21608/jesp.2015.89689ENMAMDOUH M.EL-BAHNASAWYConsultant of Endemic Diseases and Fevers, Military Medical Academy, Egypt.LAILA ABDEL-MAWLAMEGAHEDMilitary Medical Academy.+Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo
11566, Egypt.HALA AHMED ABDALLASALEHMilitary Medical Academy.+Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo
11566, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo
11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) typically manifest as rapidly progressing acute febrile syndromes with profound hemorrhagic manifestations and very high fatality rates. Lassa fever, an acute hemorrhagic fever characterized by fever, muscle aches, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and chest and abdominal pain. Rodents are important reservoirs of rodent-borne zoonosis worldwide. Transmission rodents to humans occur by aerosol spread, either from the genus Mastomys rodents’ excreta (multimammate rat) or through the close contact with infected patients (nosocomial infection). Other rodents of the genera Rattus, Mus, Lemniscomys, and Praomys are incriminated rodents hosts. Now one may ask do the rodents’ ectoparasites play a role in Lassa virus zoonotic transmission. This paper summarized the update knowledge on LHV; hopping it might be useful to the clinicians, nursing staff, laboratories’ personals as well as those concerned zoonoses from rodents and rodent control.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDY ON PARASITES FROM FARM ANIMALS IN KUWAIT71748969210.21608/jesp.2015.89692ENQAIS A.H.MAJEEDDepartment of Science, College of Basic Education, PAAET, Ministry of Interior, Kuwait.MAHA S.ALAZEMIDepartment of Criminal Evidences, Kuwait.ADAWIA A. M.HENEDIVeterinary Laboratories, PAAFR, Kuwait.LAILA M.A.TAHRANIVeterinary Laboratories, PAAFR, Kuwait.Journal Article20200515No doubt, farm animals are essential as a source of milk, protein, and leather and wool…etc. But, they are always exposed to ecto- and endo-parasites, which cause diseases conditions that may end in death. This study evaluated farm animal parasitosis. Thus, different animal farms were visited to collect fecal samples and data to determine the infection rates with parasites and the relationship between animal management and parasitism in Kuwait. Out of 86, 17, 20, 96 & 52 cattle, sheep, goats, horses and camels examined, 5.5, 17.5, 10, 9.3 and 2.5 % respectively were infected with different parasites. These parasites were Ascarids in cattle and horses, Strongylids in cattle, horses and camels, and Eimeriids in cattle and small ruminants. Eimeria spp. were the most prevalent parasite particularly in small ruminants. The relationship between Eimeria infection and management in small ruminant farms was discussed.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401REDESCRIPTION OF PSEUDOLEPIDAPEDON BALISTIS MANTER, 1940 AND A BIOLOGICAL VARIANT (TREMATODA: ACANTHOCOLPIDAE) FROM THE RED SEA FISHS; BALISTOIDES VIRIDESCENS AND RHINECANTHUS ASSASI.75848969410.21608/jesp.2015.89694ENREFAAT MAKHALIFADepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, eGYPT.HEMELY ABDEL-SHAFYHASSANDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Qena, South Valley University, Egypt.HODA SAADYMOHAMADAINDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Qena, South Valley University, Egypt.YASSER FARHAT MAHMOUDKARARDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Qena, South Valley University, Egypt.Journal Article20200515During a survey of Red Sea fish parasites, two trematodes belonging to the genus PseudolepidapedonYamaguti, 1938 were encountered: P. balistisManter, 1940 was found in the small intestine of the fish Balistoidesviridescens and was redescribed for the first time from Egypt; adding many detailed morphological and ultrastructural characters. The second<br />trematode was found in the small intestine of the fish Rhinecanthusassasi and found to represent a biological variant of the previous species as it differs from it in its generally smaller dimensions, shape of suckers and pharynx and the testes. SEM details of the first species were described for the first time illustrating the differences in the spination and papillae on different parts of the body; which may be of taxonomic importance in recognizing future different species of the genus.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401EFFICIENCY OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA LEAVES EXTRACT AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON CULEX PIPIENS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)85928969610.21608/jesp.2015.89696ENOLFAT M.EL-MONAIRYDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20200515This study evaluated the toxicity of Colocasia esculenta leaves extract on 3rd, 4th instars larvae and pupae of Culex pipiens. Bioassays showed that the 3rd instar larvae was the most susceptible to the different concentrations of extract, where the LC50 after 48 hr. post-exposure was 79.4l, 109.65 & 141.25 for the 3rd, 4th instars larvae and pupal stage respectively. The histo- pathological effects of C. esculenta leaves extract on midgut regions and gastric caeca of the 3rd instar larvae were studied. When larvae were treated with 100 ppm of C. esculenta extract, all larvae developed dramatic pathological lesions especially Malpighian tubules were extensively affected. The midgut cells showed morphological deviation from normal ones, through slightly apical degenerated (lysis) of epithelial cells. The epithelial cells with extensive cellular microvilli were shrinkage, the nuclei showed pyknotic characteristic and the peritrophic mem-brane was appeared discontinuation in compared to control. When the 3rd larval instar was exposed to extract 400 ppm, the epithelial cells, adipose fabric and muscles were extensively affected. Also, the gastric caeca was affected obviously. These observation and alterations in cells of Cx. pipiens larvae are related to the dangerous effect of C. esculent leaves extract.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401IN VITRO EFFECT OF SOME EGYPTIAN HERBAL EXTRACTS AGAINST BLASTOCYSTIS HOMINIS931008970010.21608/jesp.2015.89700ENEKHLAS H.ABDEL-HAFEEZDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.AZZA K.AHMADDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.NOHA H.ABDELGELILDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.MANAL Z. M.ABDELLATIFDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.AMANY M.KAMALDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.RABIE M.MOHAMEDDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.Journal Article20200515Blastocystis hominis is an enteric parasite that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many animals. This emerging parasite has a worldwide distribution. It is often identified as the most common eukaryotic organism reported in human fecal samples that showed a dramatic increase in recent years. Metronidazole is the main therapy for blastocystosis. However, frequent reports of treatment failure suggesting isolates resistance to metronidazole. This study determined the growth pattern and in vitro susceptibility of B. hominis to nitazoxanide (NTZ), garlic, ginger, onion and turmeric. Fecal samples positive for Blastocystis were collected from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and processed for culture. Cultured samples were subjected to examination by light microscopy. Herbs’ extracts was freshly prepared. Drug susceptibility assays was done using 0.1 mg/ml of NTZ, garlic, ginger, onion and turmeric. Effects assessed on parasite culture after 24 hr. and 48 hr. Cultured fecal samples of B. hominis have identified several forms of the organism; vacuolar, granular, amoeboid and cyst forms within 24 hr. Nitazoxanide treatment significantly (P <0.001) lowered the parasite number after 48 hr. (mean, 337.5±17.67) /ml. The reduction rate after 48 hr. compared to PBS was 93.33%. Ginger treatment significantly (P <0.002) lowered the number of the parasite after 48 hr. (mean, 335±7.07) /ml. Moreover, garlic treatment also significantly (P < 0.002) lowered the number of the parasite after 48 hr. (mean,382.5±10.60) /ml. The reduction rates after 48 hr. in these treated samples compared to PBS were 92.98% and 92.44% respectively. However, onion, and turmeric treatments insignificantly lowered the number of the parasite after 48 hr. (P <0.15 & <0.22 respectively).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AMONG ADULT PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN TANTA CITY DISTRICT1011068970410.21608/jesp.2015.89704ENAHMED ALISABAHDepartments of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt.MORSY RATEBGNEIDYDepartments of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt.NAGLAA MOSTAFA KAMELSALEHDepartments of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University Egypt.Journal Article20200515This study determined the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with different gastrointestinal symptoms. Two hundred and six patients were collected from outpatient clinic of medical department from March to June 2014. The age was ranged between 15 years old up to 60 years old. 76 males with mean age (33.2+13.5) and 130 females with<br />mean age (32.8+14.9). All patients were submitted to full clinical examination and stool examination was performed to detect helicobacter pylori antigen and other intestinal parasites. After getting a full history, the patient was asked specifically for history of taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, presence of heart burn, epigastric pain, flatulence, nausea or vomiting, passing black stool hematemesis and presence of other diseases. The results showed that 69.4% of the patients were positive for helicobacter pylori antigen (143/206). The prevalence among males and females was the same (69.7%-69.2%). The prevalence among different age groups was not significant but; some-how high among age<br />group of 15 up to 25 years old (70%). 72 patients out of 140 were associated with Coinfection with Entamaeba histolytica mainly or Giardia lamblia (51.4%). Epigastric pain and heart burn were representing about 90% of symptoms in patients with positive Helicobacter pylori antigen. Consequently, the prevalence of H. pylori infection is high in and around Tanta City in the Nile Delta (about 70%).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDY OF THE ROLE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AS A RISK FACTOR IN HCV RELATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA1071138970610.21608/jesp.2015.89706ENAMANY AHMADIBRAHIMDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.MOSTAFA HAMEDABDEL ALEEMDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.HEBA MOHAMEDABDELLADepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.AMIRHELMYDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Chronic HCV infection causes hepatic cirrhosis and approximately 10%-20% of cirrhotic patients may develop hepatocellular carcinoma within 5 years. Diabetes mellitus is associated with a 2-4-fold increase in the risk of HCC. Insulin resistance (IR) emerged as a risk factor for a variety of cancers, including endometrial and breast and various gastrointestinal cancers. The role of IR in the development of HCC associated with chronic HCV infection has not been established. This study elucidated the role of insulin resistance assessed by the homeostasis model (HOMA-IR) in development of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with chronic hepatitis C infection. The study included 3 groups: GI: 100 newly diagnosed cases of HCV related hepatocellular carcinoma GII: 60 patients with HCV related chronic liver disease. Forty healthy persons as a control group (GIII). All groups were subjected to full history taking, physical examination, laboratory investigations abdominal ultrasonography and Triphasic C.T examination. In addition to Calculation of Body mass Index, Measurement of fasting blood insulin and glucose, Calculation of insulin resistance using HOMA-IR. The results showed that fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher among HCC group than HCV<br />group & control group. Also, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in HCV group than control group. HOMA-IR above 3.7, insulin above 9μU/L & DM were considered independent predictors of HCC.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401SOME STUDIES ON SPONTANEOUS HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA INFECTION IN LABORATORY RATS1151248971710.21608/jesp.2015.89717ENAZZA K.AHMADDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.EKHLAS H.ABDEL-HAFEEZDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.AMANY M.KAMALDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519,
Egypt.Journal Article20200515Hymenolepis diminuta is a tapeworm that occurs worldwide. It is known to be found commonly in areas where large amounts of food grains or other dry feed products, which are the favorite foods for rats. Transmission of disease to human is uncommon; however, it may be a serious threat for population who are living in rural areas which are suffering from excessive rodents. Here, this study had done on spontaneous H. diminuta infection in laboratory rats as a model. Out of thirty five adult laboratory rats investigated for parasitic diseases only nine (25.71%) were diagnosed positive for spontaneous H. diminuta infection. Four of them (44.44%) were found losing of weight and lacking of motility, while the others were normal. On microscopic examination, H. diminuta eggs had been found in their stool. On autopsy, small intestines were found to contain from 5-6 multi-segmented tapeworms in each rat. Histopathologically, intestinal lumen showed varying sections of H. diminuta segments with serrated borders. H. diminuta infection caused multiple mucosal ulcers with absence of intestinal villi from the surface epithelium and excessive mucin. Moreover, inflammatory cells infiltration in the connective tissue core of the villi. Furthermore, the Toluidine blue stain showed that there are Mastiocytosis. Additionally, there were goblet cells hyperplasia on using PAS. Moreover, there were high expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible Nitric-Oxide Synthase (iNOs). This implicate, strong correlation between COX-2, TNF-α and iNOs expression and inflammation induced by H. diminutaThe Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM INFECTION AMONG EGYPTIAN SCHOOL CHILDREN1251318972010.21608/jesp.2015.89720ENNAGLAA M.SHALABYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine,
Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.NEHAD M.SHALABYDepartment of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine,
Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Journal Article20200515The present study determined cryptosporidiosis among 120 randomly chosen school children aged 4-16years. Medical sheets were filled out on each child. The fresh stool samples were examined by using Sheather's sugar flotation stained with modified Ziehl Neelsen stain. Blood samples were examined by ELISA and IFA techniques. The results revealed that, the prevalence rate was 13.51% with a peak among the age group (5-10) and. significant relation between males and females. There was a significant relation\ between infection and low socio-economic level in rural area. Also, a significant relation was obtained between the infection and the presence of animal contact. Watery and loose diarrhea was more significant among infected children. Positive stool samples were among 37 (30.8 %), while ELISA and IFA detected 30 (25%) and 33 (27.5%) respectively. The validity test of ELISA declared sensitivity andspecificity with 93.3% and 90% while IFA declared 90.9% and 91.1% respectively.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDIES ON THE MOLLUSCICIDAL ACTIVITY OF AGAVE ANGUSTIFOLIA AND PITTOSPORUM TOBIRA ON SCHISTOSOMIASIS TRANSMITTING SNAILS1331418972310.21608/jesp.2015.89723ENABDALLA M.IBRAHIMDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo
11566, Egypt.MAHFOUZ M.ABDEL-GAWADDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.HANAN A.EL-NAHASDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.NADIA S.OSMANDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200515In the search for new molluscicidal plants for controlling the snail vectors of schistosomiasis, laboratory evaluation was made to assess the molluscicidal activity of Agave angustifolia and Pittosporum tobira plants against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails. Results indicated that both plants have promising molluscicidal activity as the LC90 of the dry powder of both plants was 120 ppm. Both plants showed marked cercaricidal and miracidicidal potencies against S. mansoni larvae. The LC90 of both plants (120 ppm) killed most B. alexandrina eggs within 24 h of exposure. The sub-lethal concentrations of both plants markedly suppressed the survival rate of B. alexandrina snails and the mortality increased with increasing the concentrations and the exposure period up to 10 successive weeks. The accumulative toxic effect of these concentrations was continuous during the recovery period. Also, the reproductive rates of exposed snails were greatly affected even through the recovery period. This depression in reproductive ability of snails was accompanied by histological damage in the hermaphrodite glands of exposed snails. Meanwhile, the growth of snails was estimated weekly and it showed great inhibition in exposed snails comparing with the control ones.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY OF TWO TREMATODES PARASITES INFECTING GREY HERON ARDEA CINEREA JOUYI (AVES, CICONIIFORMES) IN QENA, EGYPT1431528972710.21608/jesp.2015.89727ENKHALAF NOUR ABD EL-WAHEDAMMARDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science; South Valley University,
Qena, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Apharyngostrigea ardeolina and Echinoparyphium recurvatum are two important digenean parasites that were recovered from small intestine of grey heron with an infection rate (16.2%) and (8.8%) respectively. The surface topography of two species was redescribed by both light and scanning electron microscopy. Using SEM studies showed that the body surface of two trematodes were covered by contact receptors, several types of sensory tegumental papillae which may have useful function in orientation and feeding through increasing the surface area of absorption, could also play a role in sensation or in selection of the materials for ingestion by the fluke . The head collar of E. recurvatum is reniform in shape, bearing uninterrupted double row of 41 collar finger-like spines, a total including 4 end group ones on both ventral corners., tegumental spines were tongue-shaped without a terminal tip,The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON LAKE MANZALA ECOSYSTEM IN PORT-SAID, DAMIETTA AND DAKAHLIA GOVERNORATES, EGYPT1531668973010.21608/jesp.2015.89730ENHANAA M.M.EL-KHAYATDepartment of Environmental Researches and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.KADRIA M.A.MAHMOUDDepartment of Environmental Researches and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.HANAN S.GABERNational Institute of Oceanography
and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.HODAABDEL-HAMIDDepartment of Environmental Researches and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.HODA M.A.ABU TALEBDepartment of Environmental Researches and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200515This work studied how pollution impacts the ecosystem of Lake Manzala by determination of physicochemical parameters, studying biodiversity of aquatic plants and macroinvertebrates, and determining bioaccumulation of Pb, Cu, Cd & Zn in some major organisms, Biomphalaria alexandrina and Melanoides tuberculata snails and Oreochromis niloticus fish. The more near to Mediterranean Sea and to the industrial area, Port-Said and Damietta sites showed higher dissolved oxygen and conductivity than Dakahlia sites. Distribution percentage of Eichhornia crassipes is high among Port-Said and Dakahlia sites of 100 and 88 %, respectively, while Lemna giba is the most abundant among Damietta sites of 60%. The maximum macroinvertebrate taxa richness was obtained at Gammalya, Dakahlia of 16 species while the maximum abundance was registered at Annanya, Damietta of 591 organisms. Gastropoda are the most distributed organisms in Lake Manzala followed by Hemiptera and Plecoptera then shrimps and scud. All the medically important snails, B. alexandrina, B. truncatus and L. natalensis were recorded in Dakahlia, but only B. alexandrina was in Damietta and Port-Said sites. The collected water samples from Damietta sites showed the highest significant Cu & Cd concentration while Port-Said samples showed the highest Pb concentration and Dakahlia showed the highest Zn concentration. The metals concentrations were higher in snail tissue and in fish liver, kidney and most of muscle samples as compared in surface water. The higher metal bioaccumulation was determined in snails collected from sites showed higher water metals concentrations. Fish muscle showed the least residues than liver and kidney for all the measured metals. Pb and Cd were more accumulated in kidneys, Cu was more accumulated in liver and Zn was accumulated in all examined fish parts in descending order as follows Kidney >liver > muscle.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401PARTIAL PORTAL VEIN ARTERIALIZATION MAINTAINS REGENERATION AFTER CRITICAL MAJOR HEPATECTOMY: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY1671758973410.21608/jesp.2015.89734ENMOHAMED T.ASHOURDepartment of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P. O. Box 30, Egypt.MAGDYELSEBAEDepartment of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P. O. Box 30, Egypt.HUSSEINEZZATDepartment of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P. O. Box 30, Egypt.MOHAMMED S.HEDAYADepartment of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Imbaba P. O. Box 30, Egypt.MOHAMED N.H.TAWEELADepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.ABDUELBANNADepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Portal vein arterialization (PVA) is often referred to as a salvage procedure for insufficient arterial or portal inflow. Its main role focuses on two domains, liver transplantation and extensive surgery for malignancies of liver, biliary tract and pancreas. It has been applied in treatment of fulminant hepatic failure due to intoxications and as a bridging procedure for transplantation or re-transplant. Radical resections with arterial reconstruction are a major challenge for surgeons especially in prolonging survival in advanced malignancies of the liver or biliary tract. This study revi ited the benefits of this procedure to test the hypothesis of supporting a failing liver during critical period of regeneration following major hepatectomy with insufficient arterial inflow. The endpoints were to identify the histopathological and biochemical evidence of regeneration. The experimental design: 24 adult dogs of both sexes were included. They were divided into<br />3 groups: G1 (n=7): animals subjected to 65% hepatectomy (control), G2 (n= 8): animals subjected to 65% hepatectomy & hepatic artery ligation, G3 (n=8): animals subjected to 65% hepatectomy & partial portal vein arterialization (PPVA). Blood samples were taken for assessment of liver functions and blood gas analysis. Liver biopsy was assessed for morphological and histopathological changes of regeneration. Gross specimens were used to calculate the liver regeneration rate. Results showed the presence of mitotic activity and regeneration in groups with PPVA comparable to controls. No evidence of regeneration observed in G2. Shunt patency was confirmed by increase in PO2 levels of arterialized portal vein. A significant increase in the regeneration rate in groups with arterialized portal vein 1 week post procedure was noted.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING TWO DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA (SUBCUTANEOUS VERSUS SUBCUTANEOUS & DEEP INFILTRATION) FOR POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING OPEN APPENDECECTOMY1771828973810.21608/jesp.2015.89738ENAHMED I.REFAATDepartments of Anesthesiology, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.MOHAMMED S.HEDAYADepartments of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.HUSSEIN M.EZZATDepartments of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.M.MAHER H.FAYEDDepartments of Anesthesiology, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.A. F.SALAMADepartment of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.AHMED H.HELMYDepartment of Surgery, Theodore Bilharz Research
Institute, Imbaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200515This study compared the postoperative analgesic effect of local anesthetic (LA) injected subcutaneous (SC) alone versus local anesthetic injected both SC and deep in patients undergoing open appendecectomy operations. Sixty patients ASA class I- II undergoing open appendecectomy for presumed acute appendicitis will be randomly assigned into three groups. After routine monitoring, anesthesia induction was performed with propofol, fentanyl and, cis-atracurium; later, maintenance was continued with isoflurane. GA received local infiltration of the skin prior to incision with bupivacaine 0.25% (10ml), GB received received half the bupivacaine infiltrated into the skin and other half deep-to external oblique prior to incision to create a local nerve field blockade & GC received half dose of saline subcutaneous & half deep to external oblique muscle prior to incision. Postoperative pain was assessed using visual analogue score (VAS) at 1, 4, 8,<br />& 24 hours post extubation. Pethidine 1 mg/kg was given if VAS is ≥4. All patients in GA (SC) and Control required postoperative analgesics, compared to only 60% of the patients in GB (SC+deep). Time for the first analgesic requirement was prolonged in GB compared to other groups (P<0.01). VAS scores were significantly lower in patients of GB in the first 8 hr. postoperative compared to GA &GC (P<0.01).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401TOXICITY OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST VECTOR OF LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS, CULEX PIPIENS1831928974110.21608/jesp.2015.89741ENAHMED I.HASABALLAHDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Many insecticides are generally used as larvicides to control Culex pipiens, vector of lymphatic filariasis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the larvicidal activity of some potential larvicidal plants extracts against C. pipiens larvae. The toxic effects of both ethanolic and petroleum ether plant extracts were evaluated under laboratory conditions against 3rd instar larvae of C. pipiens. Forty ethanolic and petroleum ether extracts of 10 plants namely Echinochloa stagninum, Phragmites australis, Eichhornia crassipes, Rhizophora mucronata, Cichorium intybus, Ocimum basilicum, Origanum<br />majorana, Azadirachta indica, Rosmarinus officinalis and Nigella sativa. On the basis of LC50, the toxic effect of the plant extracts tested varied depending on the plant species, part, solvent used in extraction and the extract concentrations. The<br />petroleum ether extraction was more effective against mosquito as compared with ethanolic extraction. The most effective plant extract was A. indica followed by Ph. australis, N. sativa, C. intybus, R. officinalis, O. basilicum, O. majorana, E. stagninum, Rh. Mucronata and E. crassipes.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401MONITORING OF THE ANTIVIRAL POTENTIAL OF BEE VENOM AND WAX EXTRACTS AGAINST ADENO-7 (DNA) AND RIFT VALLEY FEVER VIRUS (RNA) VIRUSES MODELS1931988974210.21608/jesp.2015.89742ENMOSTAFA I.HASSANDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.ALY F.MohamedDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.MONER A.AMERDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.KOTB M.HAMMADDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.SABER A.RIADDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.Journal Article20200515This study monitored the antiviral potential of bee venom and four wax extracts, ethanol white and black beeswax (EWW/EBW) and acetone white and black beeswax (AWW/ABW) extracts. Two different virus models namely Adeno-7 as DNA model and RVFV as RNA virus models. End point calculation assay was used to calculate virus depletion titer. The depletion of viral infectivity titer of ABW to Adeno-7 virus showed strong antiviral activity recorded a depletion of viral infectivity titer (1.66 log (10)/ ml) that gave equal action with bee venom and more than interferon IFN (1 log (10)/ ml). On the other hand, antiviral activity of EBW showed a moderate potential, while AWW showed no antiviral activity. Finally EWW showed synergetic activity against Adeno-7 virus activity. Thus, activity of wax extracts to RVFV was arranged in<br />order of IFN > bee venom > AWW & EBW > EWW and ABW recorded 3.34, 0.65, 0.5, 0.34 respectively. It is the first time to study the beeswax effect against DNA and RNA virus’ models; acetone black beeswax recorded a depletion titer 1.66 log (10)/ ml.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE MSP-1 AND MSP-2 ALLELES AMONG PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM FIELD ISOLATES FROM JAZAN, SAUDI ARABIA1992068974410.21608/jesp.2015.89744ENSAAD M.BIN DAJEMDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University,
Abha, Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20200515The genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum infections in human is associated with the pathogenesis of malaria. It is commonly determined through amplification of the polymorphic regions of the merozoite surface proteins -1 (msp-1) and -2 (msp-2) genes. This study aimed to (1) determine the prevalence of the msp-1 and msp-2 allelic familiesand (2) identify the multiplicity of infection (MOI) in P. falciparum field isolates from the Jazan region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Blood samples from patients with microscopically confirmed malaria infections (N = 48), collected in 2010, were analysed for msp-1 and msp-2 polymorphisms.K1, MAD20 and RO33 allelic types of the msp-1 gene and 3D7 and FC27 alleles of the msp-2 gene were analysed via nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to band size. The MOI was then calculated. In msp-1, 16 different alleles were identified by examining size differences in the agarose gels.<br />These alleles-representing 5, 5 & 6 alleles-belong to K1 (120bp-420bp), RO22 (180bp-420bp) and MAD 20 (150 bp-410bp), respectively. For msp-2, a larger range of amplicon sizes was detected. A total of 13 different alleles were identified: the FC27 family had 6 alleles (380- bp1280bp), while the 3D7 family had 7 alleles (110 bp-1200bp.MOI was 1.81 for MSP-1 & 2.17 for MSP-2, with overall mean MOI of 1.99). Considerable genetic diversity was evident in the P. falciparum field isolates from the Jazan region of KSA. This diversity represents an essential step in developing effective measures to prevent malaria in KSA, as well as in assessing vaccines derived from these genes.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058345120150401STUDY OF DEPRESSION AMONG A SAMPLE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS2072168974610.21608/jesp.2015.89746ENADEL MOHAMMEDAL MADANYDepartments of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Egypt.FAWZY HAMEDHASSANDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Egypt.ALI ABDEL FATTAHAL-NABAWYDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Egypt.MOHAMMED ELSAYED MOHAMMEDRAMADANDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Egypt.ABD-ALLAH AHMED ABD-ALLAHISMAILDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Nasr City, Egypt.Journal Article20200515Hypertension is one of the commonest diseases worldwide. Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure, sometimes called arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition, which elevated blood pressure in the arteries. This forces the heart to work harder than normal to circulate blood via the blood vessels. Blood pressure is summarized by two measurements, systolic and diastolic, which depend on between beats (diastole). Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100-140 mmHg systolic (top reading) high blood pressure is said to be present if it is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg of cases are categorized as primary hypertension that means high blood pressure with no obvious underlying medical cause. Updated studies reported associations between depressive symptoms and hypertensive patients. Depression may be an independent diagnosis, it is also possible that depressive symptoms are secondary to chronic illnesses and their associated complex medication regimens, regardless of the diagnosis being primary or secondary, prior reports have demonstrated that depressive symptoms are associated with inadequate blood pressure control and complications of hypertension.