The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201PREVALENCE OF HCV INFECTION AMONG HEALTH CARE EMPLOYEE AT AL AZHAR UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS IN CAIRO, EGYPT4594667751610.21608/jesp.2017.77516ENMOHAMED DARWISH AHMEDABD ALLADepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, El-Hussein University Hospitals, Postal Code 11675, Al-Azhar University,
Egypt.YASSER M. M.EL-DESSOUKYDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, El-Hussein University Hospitals, Postal Code 11675, Al-Azhar University,
Egypt.MOHAMED RASHEDABDEL-HAMIDDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of
Medicine, El-Hussein University Hospitals, Postal Code 11675, Al-Azhar University,
Egypt.AHMAD NAGY AFIFIZAIN EL-DEENDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, El-Hussein University Hospitals, Postal Code 11675, Al-Azhar University,
Egypt.Journal Article20200316HCV-infection is the main cause of chronic liver disease among Egyptians, the most commonly infected population with HCV genotype 4. Evidences of HCV-transmission that are associated with health-care settings have consistently accumulated over recent years worldwide. Therefore, healthcare workers (HCWs) are the target population of the current study. The study evaluated prevalence of HCV-infection among different sectors of HCWs at Al Azhar University Hospitals.<br />The population (n=239) were divided into four groups. G1(n=59) included healthy controls who were not working at hospitals. Other subjects (n=180) consisted three equal groups (2, 3 & 4) who were working at Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Respectively, workers, nurses and physicians presented group 2, 3 & 4 (n=60 each) from different hospital wards. Based upon duration of employment at hospitals, subjects in each of the last three groups were subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=20 each). Risk-factors that were thought to have an impact on acquisition of HCVinfection were evaluated. The overall prevalence of HCV infection in study populations was 21.34% with the highest rate in nurses (38.3%) and workers (20%) when compared to controls (15.3%) and physicians (11.7%; P<0.05). The significantly increased HCV infection in nurses compared to physicians (P<0.05) was found during all employment periods. Needle stick injury, incidental exposure to blood and body fluid splashes were respectively prominent risk-factors among nurses (70%, 60% & 35%) and workers (35%, 21.7% & 18.3%). Nurses and hospital workers had high prevalence of HCV infection. Long duration of nurse employment was associated with increased frequency of needle sticks and subsequently high prevalence of HCVinfection, but not physicians.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201MERS-CoV INCIDENCE IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA AND WORLDWIDE: GENERAL REVIEW ARTICLE4674787752510.21608/jesp.2017.77525ENK. J.SHRWANINational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.E. M.NOURELDINNational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.O. M.DAFALLANational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.W. S.MOHAMMEDNational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.J. A.ALAAMoH, Jazan, King Fahad Central
Hospital, Jazan 82666, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Y. A.HOBANINational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.N. J.SHARWANIFaculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Jazan University, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.F. A.ALSHEIKHFaculty of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.R. J.ABU-ALGASIMFaculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Jazan University, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.J. S.ZAHRAFaculty of Applied
Medical Sciences, Jazan University, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.A. A.ALSHEIKHNational Center for Vector-borne Diseases, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Journal Article20200316In recent years, several outbreaks of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) were reported to the WHO by Saudi Arabia (2014, 2015, and 2017) and the Republic of Korea (2015). These large outbreaks indicate that MERS-CoV, if not adequately controlled, can cause severe outbreaks and negative socio-economic consequences. The disease was identified and reported in 27 countries around the world, particularly in the Middle East, Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. The total number of laboratory-confirmed MERS-CoV cases reported to the WHO between 2012 and 21 July 2017 was 2040, of which 1672 (82%) were reported by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Since the 5th December 2016, about 190 cases were confirmed in Saudi Arabia, out of which 63 were reported in one outbreak and four different<br />clusters in the Riyadh region. This review discusses the background of the disease along with its epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, prevention and control. The review also concludes with some future perspectives.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201NEW HOST AND LOCALITY RECORDS OF MYXOBOLUS CAUDATUS INFECTING BARBUS SHAPREYI (CYPRINIDAE) FROM EUPHRATES RIVER AT RAMADI CITY, IRAQ: LIGHT AND TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY4794867752710.21608/jesp.2017.77527ENSALAM FLAYYIH ATTALLAHAL-HASHIMIMinistry of Education, Iraq Education of Anbar Governorate, Anbar, Iraq.Journal Article20200316Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Bivalvulida, Myxobolidae) is an important parasitic protozoan of freshwater fishes reported from almost the worldwide. The severity of infection may lead to mortality of the host fish. During a parasitological survey on parasites infecting fishes caught from Euphrates River at Ramadi City, Iraq during regular visits between March and September 2016, 8/26 specimens of binni fish, Barbus shapreyi (F: Cyprinidae)<br />were found to be naturally infected with Myxobolus caudatus. The infection was recorded as small whitish plasmodia embedded in the caudal fin of infected host. The number of plasmodia per infected fish was 3-4 and measured 0.25-0.46 (0.37±0.02) mm in diameter. After rupture of plasmodia, the liberated spores were elliptical in shape, measured 11.6-13.7 (12.9± 2) μm in length and 6.4.0-8.3 (7.4±2) μm in width. The polar capsules were elliptical, equal in size and pointed anteriorly. They measured 7.2-8.5 (7.5±0.5) μm in length and 2.2-4.3 (3.4±0.5) μm in width. Examination of ultrathin sections through the parasite plasmodia by transmission electron microscope showed that the process of capsulogeneis followed the usual pattern of bivalvulid spore development with asynchronous type of polar capsule maturation. Also, the formation of polar filament (6-9 coils) occurred after the fusion of external tubules with capsular<br />primordia. The process of valvogenesis also described when two valvogenic cells met at one pole of the spore with a sutural line in between. By comparison between the isolated spores in the present study and those isolated previously from fish hosts at Iraq water sources, it showed the present parasite to be complete different with new host and locality records in Iraq.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201LIGHT AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION OF RHADINORHYNCHUS BICIRCUMSPINIS HOOPER 1983 (ACANTHOCEPHALA) INFECTING THE BAYAD BAGRUS BAJAD (BAGRIDAE). NEW HOST AND LOCALITY RECORDS FROM THE RIVER NILE, QENA, EGYPT4874927753010.21608/jesp.2017.77530ENKAREEMMORSYDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.KHALAF N.AMMARDepartment
of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Egypt.ABDEL-NASSER A.HUSSEINDepartment
of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Egypt.ALIMANSOURDepartment
of Zoology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Egypt.Journal Article20200316Rhadinorhynchus bicircumspinis, an acanthocephalan parasite recovered from the intestine of Bagrus bajad (Bagridae) captured from water locations along the River Nile at Qena governorate. Ten/seventy (14.28%) were infected. Morphologically and morphometrically by light and scanning electron microscopy, parasite was creamy white, slightly curved without annulations. Body was 7-10 (8±2) mm long x 0.52-0.71 (0.62±0.02) mm wide in male & 7-15 (12±2) mm long and 0.43-0.68 (0.55±0.02) mm wide in female. Proboscis, long, with short neck measured 1.42-1.83 (1.66±0.02) mm in males &1.54-1.96 (1.75±0.03) mm in females, covered with 12-15 rows of 20-23 hooks each. Proboscis receptacle elongated and double walled lemnisci were two, tubular, elongated on proboscis receptacle sides. Trunk was long,<br />spinose anteriorly. Two postequatorial contiguous testes were observed in male worms with four very long tubular cement glands overlapped at the posterior margin of posterior testis. In female worms, ovarian balls, uterus and a short vagina were observed at the posterior end of the body cavity. Immature, fusiform eggs with polar prolongations were recorded in the body cavity. No mature eggs seen. Genital pore was subterminal. The present parasite was compared with similar species from different hosts, R. selkirki, R. trachuri, R. cololabis and R. pristis, which showed that the isolated parasite was R. bicircumspinis as a new host and locality; the River Nile at Qena Governorate in EgyptThe Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201A MINI-OVERVIEW OF VITAMIN D4935047770410.21608/jesp.2017.77704ENAHMAD H. F.EL-TAWDYMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.MOSTAFA SHABAN AHMEDHEMDANMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.WEJDAN ESSAM AHMEDISASenior Resident, Bahrain Defence
Force Hospital.TOSSON A.MORSYFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566.Journal Article20200317Generally speaking, vitamins are essential for man and animal. Vitamin D is essential for good overall health and strong and healthy bones. It's an important factor in making one sure of his muscles, heart, lungs and brain…etc. Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies are common worldwide, causing nutritional rickets and osteomalacia, which have a major impact on health, growth, and development of infants, children, and adolescents; consequences can be lethal or can last into adulthood. This mini-review gives an overview of vitamin D.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201NEW PERSPECTIVE IN STUDYING PROPOFOL AND SLEEP INTERACTION: A PILOT STUDY5055117770510.21608/jesp.2017.77705ENMOHAMED A.MAHERDepartment of Anesthesiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.EMAN A.MAHERClinical Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo
University, Giza, Egypt.AHMED I.REFAATDepartment of Anesthesiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.MOHAMED M.HUSSEINDepartment of Anesthesiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.REEHAM S.EBIEDDepartment of Anesthesiology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.AHMED HAZEMHELMYDepartment of Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Several studies suggested that propofol satisfied the need for both rapid eye movement (REM) and slow wave sleep (SWS). Most of these studies were based either on animal models or on induced sleep deprivation without further clinical extrapolation. The this preliminary study investigated the relation between natural preoperative sleep (REM and SWS) and operative propofol induction dose, whether or not clinical impact can be extracted from this relation, and finally to assess<br />the feasibility of conducting a similar full-scale trial. This study was a prospective observational study. 27 ASA I adult male patients scheduled for elective surgery were subjected to preoperatively sleep EEG. Propofol induction dose achieving<br />Bispectral Index (BIS) value between 40 and 60 was recorded. Correlation between propofol dose and both SWS % and REM % was done. Patients were classified according to sleep EEG into good sleepers and bad sleepers. Propofol dose in good sleepers and bad sleepers was compared. The results showed a positive correlation between propofol induction dose and both SWS (%) (r= 0.532; p= 0.003) and REM (%) (r= 0.518; p= 0.005).The median value of propofol induction<br />dose in good sleepers was 1.70 (1.00-2.00), while in bad sleepers it was significantly lower 1.10 (0.80-1.70) (p value = 0.01).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201EFFECT OF VERBESINA ALTERNIFOLIA AND MENTHA PIPERITA OIL EXTRACTS ON NEWLY EXCYSTED METACERCARIA OF EUCLINOSTOMUM HETEROSTOMUM (RUDOLPHI, 1809) (DIGENEA: CLINOSTOMATIDAE) FROM NATURALLY INFECTED KIDNEYS OF TILAPIA ZILLII IN EGYPT5135217770610.21608/jesp.2017.77706ENOLFAT A.MAHDYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Cairo University, Giza Egypt.SAHAR Z.ABDEL- MAOGOODDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Cairo University, Giza Egypt.FATEN F.MOHAMMEDDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Cairo University, Giza Egypt.MAI A.SALEMDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Cairo University, Giza Egypt.Journal Article20200317Encysted metacercariae of Euclinostomum heterostomum (EEMC) is parasitic trematodes infected kidneys of the freshwater fish (Tilapia zillii) in Egypt. The EMC causes severe pathological changes as kidney failure and even death of fish. Development a novel non-chemical approach that decreases the need of anthelmintic drugs, proved to be the only realistic strategy to avoid drug resistance especially with biodegradable eco-friendly plant extracts. In the present study, T. zillii infected with EEMC was 14.5%. Histopathology of the tissue showed marked glomerular congestion with interstitial congestion, hemorrhages, vacuolization and necrosis of tubular epithelium with activation of melanomacrophage center.<br />The anthelmintic activity of Verbesina alternifolia, Mentha piperita oil extracts on newly excysted metacercariae (EExMC) of Euclinostomum heterostomum was evaluated in vitro. The LC50% & LC100% for V. alternifolia was 400ppm/12hrs and 600ppm/24h, respectively. LC50% of M. piperita was 1000ppm/24hrs. Doses lower did not cause mortality of exposed EExMC. Exposure to both plants caused marked irreversible alteration in tegumental ultrastructure of the exposed EExMC led to mortality. The effect increased with increase in concentration and exposure time. SEM examination of V. alternifolia died EExMC showed ill distinct collar like rings, and lack of transverse ridges which appear highly corrugated edematous tegument. Collar ring in M. piperita exposed group was ill distinct with several blebs around ventral sucker and body<br />tegument edematous.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201AN OVERVIEW OF CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS: CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND PREVENTION5235407770710.21608/jesp.2017.77707ENMAHFOUZ A.AL-AGROUDIMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.GABR METWALLY S.AHMADDepartment of Public Health, Faculty
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.KONDO MOHAMMADKONDOLand Force Medical Officer In-charge,
People’s Defence Forces, Tanzania.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of Parasitology,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic protozoan disease results from infection with Toxoplasma gondii, one of the worldwide zoological and geographical distribution. T. gondii multiples sexually in the cat family (definitive host) and infects all warm-blooded animals, including humans (intermediate host) where it multiplies asexually. Transmission occurs by ingestion of raw or partly cooked meat, especially pork, lamb, or venison containing cysts, mainly in countries where undercooked meat is traditionally eaten. Also, cysts may also be ingested during handto-mouth contact after handling undercooked meat, or from using knives, utensils, or cutting boards contaminated by raw meat. Drinking water contaminated with Toxoplasma cysts. Also, receiving an infected organ transplantation or blood transfusion, or nosocomial (needle-stick injury) was reported. Ingestion of oocysts dropped with cat feces, through hand-to-mouth contact after gardening, cleaning a cat's litter box, contact with children's sandpits, or touching anything that came into contact with cat feces. Also, congenital toxoplasmosis or mother-to-child transmission do occurs during pregnancy. For infants born to infected mothers and for people with weakened immune systems, toxoplasmosis may cause serious complications.The clinical features, diagnosis and prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis in infants and children are reviewed hereThe Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF FRESHWATER SNAILS IN SOME EGYPTIAN WATER COURSES5415487770810.21608/jesp.2017.77708ENHANAA M.M.EL-KHAYATDepartment of Environmental Research and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, P.O. Box 30, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt.KADRIA M.A.MAHMOUDDepartment of Environmental Research and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, P.O. Box 30, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt.SARA S.M.SAYEDDepartment of Environmental Research and Medical Malacology, Theodor Bilharz
Research Institute, P.O. Box 30, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Mollusca play important role in the public and veterinary health and thus need to be study their distribution continuously. The present clarified the distribution and seasonal abundance of freshwater snails in the River Nile branches, main canals and some drains in eight Egyptian governorates during eight successive seasons. The highest percentage of snails' abundance in the River Nile was 33.6, 23, 22.1 and 20.8 % for Succinea cleopatra, Lanistes carinatus, Lymnaea natalensis and Cleopatra bulimoides snails, respectively. While Damietta and Ismailia canals were the mostly infested by snails in spring, Giza canals, Damietta branch and River Nile was in summer. During the whole study, the distribution of Lnatalensis was larger than Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria alexandrina. Results of correspondence analysis (CA) showed a good relationship between snail species and physical parameters explained 94.77, 94.12, 91.80 and 95.35% of variance in temperature, pH, conductivity and dissolved oxygen, respectively. Values of physical parameters were approximately the same for all stations. In spite of the conductivity was high 1200μmhos/cm in drains, other stations ranged from 200 to 800μmhos/ cm.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201EFFECT OF SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS AND METRONIDAZOLE ON IMMUNITYAGAINST ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA INFECTION IN MICE5495587770910.21608/jesp.2017.77709ENMOHAMED FATHYABOUEL-NOURDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura,
P.O. Box 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt.SHADIA FARIDHAMADADepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura,
P.O. Box 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt.SUHA JAWADKADHIMSenior Biology, Scientific Adviser Bureau,
Ministry of Industry and Minerals, Iraq.Journal Article20200317The present study evaluated the efficacy of Garlic, Mirazid®, Ginger as well as Metronidazole® in treating mice experimentally infected with E. histolytica cysts. The results showed that all mice infected with E. histolytica cysts and treated with Garlic, Mirazid, Ginger and Metronidazole were significant improved as indicated by the stool analysis and alteration in the immune response by the levels of cytokines IL-5 & IFN- γ.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201RISK ASSESSMENT OF ZOONOTIC CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS CASES AMONG MANUAL WORKERS IN EGYPT5595747771210.21608/jesp.2017.77712ENAHMED MEGAHED AHMEDSALEHMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.NARGIS ALBERTLABIBDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.MOHAMED BAKREL-ATTARMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine,
Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200317The Egyptian endemic foci of cutaneous leishmamasis were mainly in the Sinai Peninsula. To study the epidemiological characteristics of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in special groups in endemic area in Sinai, a descriptive study was conducted to assess the risk of cutaneous leishmania within spreading places in Sinai among special groups working in endemic areas, during the study period from January- December 2015. All patients in the study setting described before were submitted to clinical examination and history taking based on epidemiologically linked diagnosis. Their total number was (124) cases divided into (85) patients locally treated and (39) patients referred to central hospital. The results showed that (85.5%) was in middle education class, had stable work (87%) and working in manual services (91.1). A total of 58.1% slept outdoor at the dusk time (54%). Three quarters (75.8%) didn't use insect repellant and 56.55 didn't use bed nets. Sandy ground, mountain and desert surrounds geographic environment (100%, 97.6% & 96%) respectively. They lived in one floor buildings (85%), dormitories habitat (98%), soiled (92%), have cracks on the wall (60%), ceiling made of wood (74%) and fence was not available in majority of buildings (96.8%). Disfiguring was commonest complain in 55% of cases. The lesions (85%) were ulcers (2x2cm in size (51%), at lower limb (55%) and two in numbers in (50%). All cases were treated with fluconazole and 8.9% was cured. Stibogluconate was given to 91% and<br />with cure rate of 53%. Both Cryotherapy and laser therapy was applied to 16% of cases. Treatment cured 87% but 39.5% suffered scar complications with main sequelae (15.3%).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201SELECTION FOR CADMIUM-TOLERANCE IN BIOMPHALARIA ALEXANDRINA SNAILS CHARACTARIZATION BASED ON GENETIC STUDIES, AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI ASSOCIATION5755887771310.21608/jesp.2017.77713ENSHADIA H.MOHAMEDDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.HANAA M. M.EL KHAYATEnvironmental Research Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Embaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.SAMIA M.FAWZIDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.DINA G.TAWFIKEnvironmental Research Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute,
Embaba P.O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Biomphalaria alexandrina snails were examined for their tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity through three generations produced by self-fertilization by exposing snails to serial concentrations of Cd and selection for the most tolerant ones through the successive generations. Results showed a gradual increase in the LC50 & LC90 values via successive generations indicating tolerance upgrading phenotype. Also, the selected and non-selected snails were examined for susceptibility to Schistosoma mansoni and hematological criteria. B. alexandrina showed refractory tendency with significant increase in hemocytes; granulocytes; indicating that defense mechanism was stronger than other ones. The dendro-gram based on the similarity matrices of ISSR-PCR banding patterns resulted with ten random primers, showed that the selected groups of the 1st and 2nd generations were the most similar and clustered together forming a distinct group that in turn cluster with nonselected laboratory group that in turn cluster with parent group (field, non-selected), while the 3rd selected generation was the most divergent group, indicating its genetic drift. The mating system<br />and selection succeeded in evolution of Cd tolerance snail isolate; characterized genetically, physiologically, showed refractory tendency to S. mansoni infection.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201IN VIVO ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF METHOTREXATE ON LATENT TOXOPLASMOSIS5895987771410.21608/jesp.2017.77714ENSAMIA E.ETEWADepartments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.DALIA A.ABO EL-MAATYDepartments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.MAI E.ABD EL-AZEEMDepartments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.MAHMOUD A.EL-SHAFEYDepartments of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.MOHAMED H.SARHANDepartments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.EMAN H.ABDEL BARYDepartments of Pathology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.EMANSAADDepartments of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of
Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has been shown to result in life-threatening encephalitis in immunocompromised patients after reactivation of dormant parasites. The present work aimed to assess the effects of methotrexate on reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis alone and combined with a therapeutic combination of spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid on the progress of the disease. Forty-four laboratory-bred Swiss albino male mice were infected with Me49 nonvirulent<br />strain of T. gondii and equally divided into four groups: infected untreated control (I); infected and treated with combination of spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid (II); Infected and received methotrexate (III); and infected and received both methotrexate, spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid (IV). The mean number and size of tissue cysts in brain smears of mice of each group were determined, serum levels of anti-Toxoplasma IgM were assessed in different study groups by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and histopathological examination of brain and liver were done. The results showed that the mean serum IgM level was significantly different in the treated groups compared to that in infected control group. The highest level of serum IgM was found in the infected and received methotrexate group. After treatment with spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid, it was significantly decreased. In this study, reactivation of latent toxoplasmosis was observed by a significant increase in the mean number and sizes of Toxoplasma tissue cysts in brains of mice with established chronic toxoplasmosis after treatment with methotrexate alone or combined with spiramycin, pyrimethamine compared to both untreated chronically infected controls and infected mice treated with spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid. Moreover, considerable pathological lesions in the brain and liver was observed in groups received methotrexate alone or combined with spiramycin, pyrimethamine compared to both untreated chronically infected controls and infected mice treated with spiramycin, pyrimethamine and folinic acid.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201STUDY OF POSSIBLE RELATION BETWEEN THYROID VOLUME, NODULE FORMATION AND GLUCOSE METABOLISM DISORDERS IN EGYPTIAN POPULATION5996067771510.21608/jesp.2017.77715ENMANALMOHSENDepartments of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.ALYAA AHMEDEL-SHERBENYDepartments of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.AHMED MOHAMEDBAHAA EL-DINDepartments of Internal Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.EMADABD EL-MOHSENABDEL-HADIDepartments of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.MAHMOUD MOUSTAFANAFIEDepartments of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Insulin resistance (IR) with compensatory hyper-insulinemia are key factors involved in the pathogenesis of glucose metabolism disorders (including impaired fasting glucose and glucose tolerance and frank diabetes mellitus) as well as increased thyroid gland volume and nodule prevalence in patients with metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, thyroid hormone contributes to the regulation of carbohydrates metabolism and pancreatic function. This cross-sectional study investigated the possible association between the different glucose metabolic disorders (GM) and thyroid gland volume. The study was conducted on 400 subjects over one year duration, divided into 50% diabetic patients in comparison to 25% pre-diabetics and 25% cross-matched control. All the subjects were investigated by fasting and postprandial blood sugar and fasting insulin level (for HOMA-IR calculation) as well as TSH assay combined with thyroid ultrasound. The results showed that thyroid volume was significantly larger in patients with diabetes compared to the control as well as significant positive correlation between thyroid volume and FBS, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, 2hours pp BS and HbA1cin. Besides, there was significant association between serum TSH levels and thyroid volume. The main regulator of thyroid cell growth and differentiation is TSH. The elevated insulin levels due to IR lead to an increase in IGF-1 levels (which is an important hypertrophic and progression factor for a series of cell types including thyroid cells with increased risk of malignancy in such patients).The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201IMPACT OF USING YEAST AS FEED ADDITIVE ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND IMMUNE RESPONSES OF SHE-CAMELS AND THEIR NEWBORN CALVES DURING PERI-PARTURATION PERIOD6076167771610.21608/jesp.2017.77716ENMAYSOON M.MOHIE EL-DINNDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.+Animal Production
Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.EHAB S.ABDEL-AALAnimal Production
Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.LAILA N.EIDAnimal Production
Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.ALYAA A.FARIDDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.IBRAHIM R.ALYTheodore Bilharz Research Institute, Embaba P. O. Box 30, Giza, Egypt.SOMAYA O.EL-DEEBDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200317She-camels face down-regulation of immune responses during pregnancy that may lead to viral and bacterial infections so increases the dangers affecting their newborn calves. This study aimed to improve the body weight and immune responses of she-camels and their newborn calves. A total of 10 dams were divided into two equal groups; G1 (fed the basal diet only) and G2 (fed the basal diet & Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC); 0.5 g/head/day). Dams' and calves' plasma, milk samples were collected. Quantitative analysis of IgG, IgA & IFN-γ levels in samples was done by ELISA and Body weights were recorded monthly. Results revealed significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight, body weight gain of dams and calves' birth weight in G2 compared to G1. IgG2 levels dams were higher than IgG1 at all durations, IgA levels didn't show any significant change in groups while IFN-γ showed an increased level in G2 more than G1 from the time of calving to one month post calving. IgG, IgA & IFN-γ levels in milk didn't show significant differences between the experimental groups. Calves' IgG in G2 showed higher significant levels compared to G1 from birth to one month after birth, IgA & IFN-γ levels in G2 showed significant increase at one month after birth. Conclusion: SC is a good feed additive for she-camels during peri-partum. It improved total body weight, body weight gain and birth weight of calves. Immune responses of dams and calves were enhanced that may help in facing the stressful pregnancy event.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201ASSESSMENT OF SOME CHEMICAL AND BIORATIONAL INSECTICIDES AGAINST CULEX PIPIENS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) IN ABHA CITY, SAUDI ARABIA6176227771710.21608/jesp.2017.77717ENMAMDOUH I.NASSARDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, P.O Box12613,
Egypt.HAMED A.GHRAMHDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413,
P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.+Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King
Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.ASMAAL-WAZIResearch Center for Advanced Materials Science, King
Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.JAZEM A.MAHYOUBDepartment of Biology
Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.+IBB
University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen, and Department of Environmental health, Bahri
University Khartoum, Sudan.KHATIR M.AHMEDIBB
University, Ibb, Republic of Yemen, and Department of Environmental health, Bahri
University Khartoum, Sudan.Journal Article20200317The present study was tested certain chemical insecticides (Propetamphos and Cypermethrin) and a Bioinsecticide (Baciloid 5000: Bacillus thuringiensis) against Culex pippins, the dominant mosquito species in Abha City. LC50 value of Propetamphos was 0.0162 ppm against the 3rd instar larvae of laboratory strain compared with field strain which was 0.0442 ppm, and LC90 of Propetamphos was 0.8109 ppm against the 3rd instar larvae of laboratory strain, comparing to field strain (3.31ppm). Cypermethrin was also very effective where LC50 was 0.0132 ppm against the adult females of laboratory strain, comparing to (0.1192 ppm) of laboratory strain. On the other hand, residual activity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis reached from 4 to 20 days of concentrations ranged between 0.001 to 100 ppm (lethality was 11.7 to 96.8%) in laboratory strain in the 1st week, whereas ranged between 0.0 to 70.8% in the 2nd week with same concentrations finally ranged between 0.0 to 12.7% in the 3rd week. While reached 6 -23 days at concentrations 0.001 to 100ppm in field strain in the 1st week, whereas ranged between 0.0 to 70.8% in the 2nd week with the same concentrations and ranged between 0.0 to 12.7% in the 3rd week. So, the field collected larvae of Cx. pipens were more susceptible and have prolonged residual effect as compared to laboratory reared larvae.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201EVALUATION OF HUMERAL IMMUNITY AGAINST THREE HYDATID CYST ANTIGENS OF CAMELS USING SECONDARY CYST DEVELOPMENT IN RABBIT MODEL6236317771910.21608/jesp.2017.77719ENWALEED M.MOUSADepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.OLFAT A.MAHDYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.AZZA M.ABDEL-WAHABDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.SOHAILA M.EL-GAMEELDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the commonest zoonotic parasitosis of worldwide distrib-ution. This study induced a protective immunity against secondary hydatidosis by using conven-tional vaccination approaches and evaluated the accompanied humeral immune response. For antigen preparation Hydatid cysts (HC) were collected from camels slaughtered at Cairo abattoir, during 2015.Three groups of male rabbits were immunized subcutaneously with crude Hydatid cyst fluid (CHCF), partially purified Hydatid cyst fluid (ppHCF) and protoscolices (PSC) antigens. After two boosters, rabbits were challenged intra peritoneally with 2000 viable protoscolices, and the humeral immune response<br />was analyzed using ELISA. Percent of protection against HC was 93.0 %, 88.4 % and 86.0 % in immunized rabbits with ppHCF, PSC and CHCF antigens respectively. Antibody level in immunized group with ppHCF antigen on day 28 was higher than before immunization and was higher than that in CHCF and PSC antigen groups. The results of this article indicate that ppHCF antigen can be used as a candidate for vaccine production.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201THE OUTCOMES OF BONE MARROW STROMAL CELL THERAPY IN SCHISTOSOMAL HEPATIC FIBROSIS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY6336427772210.21608/jesp.2017.77722ENDINA M.ABOU RAYIADepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.SIRRIA M.ELMARHOUMYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.HOWAIDA H.ISMAILDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.FARHA A.ELCHENNAWYDepartment of
Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Egypt.KHALED R.ZALATADepartment of Histopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Egypt.Journal Article20200317Liver fibrosis is considered a serious health problem. Liver transplantation is almost the only curative treatment. The limited number of donors and the post-operative complications are major obstacles. Recent reports have shown that mesenchymal stem cells could improve chemically- induced hepatic fibrosis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transplantation on hepatic fibrosis in Schistosoma mansoniinfected mice. Female mice infected with S. mansoni were divided into three test groups. One group received praziquantel drug orally. Another group received BMSCs, obtained from male mice, by intravenous injection. The last group received both. Two control groups were used, one was infected and untreated and the other was uninfected and untreated. Detection of BMSCs hepatic engraftment, morphometric analysis and histopathological evaluation of liver fragments, were done. Level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA expression was assessed. The results showed that BMSCs engrafted into the liver. There was significant improvement in morphometric and histopathological evaluation of liver fragments, and increase in IL-10 mRNA expression of all treated modalities. Promising result was achieved when BMSCs and PZQ used in treated mice.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201CONTRIBUTIONS ON TREMATODA-SNAIL INTERACTIONS6436527772310.21608/jesp.2017.77723ENMOHAMED M.EL-BAHYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary-Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, Egypt.MARWA M.KHALIFADepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary-Medicine, Cairo University,
Giza, Egypt.MARWA TH.ATWADepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University,
Al-Fayoum, Egypt.Journal Article20200317With increasing the incidence of human Fasciola infection in Egypt, there had been speculations about an adoption of Schistosoma snail to transmit Fasciola infection, but the previous knowledge demonstrated more data about snail-trematode specification. For this reason the present study was designed to follow up the reaction of domestic and foreign snails for exposure to adapt or non-adapted miracidia on the tissue and cellular level. The data revealed failure of Fasciola gigantica and Schistosoma mansoni miracidia to complete their development in hosts other than Lymnaea natalensis (L. cailliaudi) or Biomphalaria alexandrina snails after exposure to low or high dose of miracidia. The foreign miracidia were able to penetrate the snail but the sporocysts were unable to migrate deeply in the sub-epithelial tissue of the foot. As marked specific tissue reaction was develop by the snail, trying to capsulate them. The degree and thickness of tissue reaction was increased with the increase in time post exposure till complete disappearance of the invading sporocysts. Besides, no tissue reaction and successful infection was recorded when the miracidia penetrate their specific snail host. On the cellular level, B. alexandrina snail haemolymph contained two types of cells as hyalinocytes (H) which related mainly to humeral type of defense and phagocytic cell called granulocyte (G), The cells were in different forms and structures related to time elapsed post exposure to infection. G-3 was actively divided cell detected in infected snail only. L. natalensis and Physa acuta contained granulocytes (amoebocyte) in HL and 3 connective tissue related cells as C.T. amebocytes, pore cell and granular cell. Amoebocyte is phagocytic cell showing morphological and numeral changes in relation to exposure of the snail for infection by different miracidia. Granulocytes in P. acuta were trapped close to foot epithelium and between C.T. matrix and playing a role in early destruction of the foreign invading miracidia.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201ROLE OF OXIDIZED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN IN HEPATITIS C RELATED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE6536627772510.21608/jesp.2017.77725ENMAHMOUDABU EL-MAKAREMDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty
of Medicine, AL-Azhar University.ABDEL-AZIZ ABDEL-RAHMANEL-NOKALYDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty
of Medicine, AL-Azhar UniversitySAYED FAROUKMOHAMEDDepartment of Tropical Medicine, Faculty
of Medicine, AL-Azhar UniversityJournal Article20200317Hepatitis C virus(HCV) lifecycle is closely connected to host cell lipid metabolism, inducing oxidative stress and oxidation reaction induce chemical modification of proteins and lipids in plasma LDL transforming it to abnormal oxidized-LDL (Ox-LDL). Ox-LDL is more stable marker molecule with longer half-life than free radicals. This study assessed its contribution to the pathogenesis of liver diseases, and liver cirrhosis. This work studied serum level of ox-L L to evaluate its role in chronic hepatitis C patients and its association with liver cirrhosis. Also, the level of serum total antioxidant status was determined to evaluate their role in the treatment. The study included 20 chronic hepatitis C patients, 20 chronic hepatitis C patients with liver cirrhosis and 20 controls (age, sex & anthropometric measures were matched). All patients and controls were males. Serum was used to estimate Ox-LDL total direct bilirubin, albumin, aminotransferases, total antioxidant capacity, Urea and creatinine.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ON RE-EMERGING MALARIA FOR NURSING STAFF IN A MILITARY FEVER HOSPITAL6636707772610.21608/jesp.2017.77726ENMAHFOUZ AHMADAL-AGROUDIMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.LAILA ABD EL-MAWLAMEGAHEDMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.ABEER MOHAMMADABDALLAHMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.ELHAM MOHAMMADABDALLAHMilitary Medical Academy, Cairo 11291, Egypt.TOSSON A.MORSYDepartment of Parasitology,
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Malaria, an Anopleles-borne protozoan parasite is of public health importance. The study aimed to improve Military nursing staff knowledge as to re-emerging malaria. Setting: The study was carried out at a Military Fever Hospital. Design: A quasi-experimental study (pre-post tests) was used. The subjects were 30 nursing staff who accepted to participate in the study pilot study was done on 10% of them. The study used composed of three tools as follows: (1) Socio-demographic characteristics of the studied Military and Educational needs assessment tool. (2) Knowledge questionnaire sheet (pre / posttest) (3) Participants „evaluation Questionnaire sheet. Results: showed statistically significant improvements in nursing staff knowledge.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201VARIATION OF MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS WITHIN POPULATIONS OF GROUND BEETLES ANTHIA SEXMACULATA (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) LOCATED IN DIFFERENT ECOGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS IN EGYPT6716787772810.21608/jesp.2017.77728ENMOSTAFA I.HASSANDepartment of Zoology, Entomology Unit, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.DALIA A.ELSHEWYDepartment of Insect Classification and Survey, Plant
Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.AHMED S.BREAMDepartment of Zoology, Entomology Unit, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.SABER A.RIADDepartment of Zoology, Entomology Unit, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University,
Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200317The morphometric measurements of populations of Anthia sexmaculata in different regions were studied in Egypt. A multivariate comparison of morphometric differences was undertaken by eyepiece micrometer on three different ecogeographical areas in Egypt; Western Mediterranean Coastal Desert (WMCD) (North Coast, Fouka and Mersa Matruh), Western Desert (Siwa, Bahariya and Dakhla Oases) and South Sinai (Saint Catherine and Taba Protected area and Sharm El Sheikh wadis). Twenty-one morphometric traits were studied. Traits best corresponding to the distinction of populations was distinguished by cluster and discriminant analysis (LDA). The first and second discriminant axes (Axis1 and Axis2) recorded 88.38% and 11.62%, respectively, of the total variation in studied sample. Multiple discriminant analysis revealed clear morphometric differences between West Mediterranean Costal Desert, Western Desert and South Sinai populations. Traits connected with morphometric measurements are good characters for differentiation between carabid beetles, South Sinai population of A. sexmaculatus have been shown to differ morphologically from the other populations in Egypt.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201MODIFIED DOT ELISA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ZOONOTIC TOXOPLASMOSIS IN MAN AND SHEEP WITH CLINICAL SUGGESTIVE MANIFESTATIONS6796887772910.21608/jesp.2017.77729ENMOHAMED M.EL-BAHYDepartments of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.MORSY RATEBGENEIDYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt.LILIAN N.MAHROUSDepartments of Parasitology, Faculties of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.+Beni-Sweif University, Egypt.GHADA H.ABDEL-RAHMANDepartment of Biology, Animal Reproduction
Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Fractionation of Toxoplasma gondii RH strain tachyzoites (TTAg) using SDS-PAGE and identification of its specific bands versus control sera using EITB revealed five group of specific fractions corresponding to molecular weight (MW) level of 32-34 kda, 46kda, 53 kda, 78 kda and 100 kda. Fractions of 32-34 kda were the most sensitive and specific one able to capturing very low level of anti-Toxoplasma Ab in the sera and did not cross react with anti-parasites antibodies (Ab) as hydatedosis, S. mansoni, HCV, F. gigantica and Cysticercus ovies as well as control noninfected sera. Thick transverse gel strip containing the fraction of 32-34kda were cut out, its contents were eluted and concentrated, Dotting of 2μl from this fraction on 4mm diameter nitrocellulose (NC) discs for development a modified dot-ELISA technique were evaluated in diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in group of suspected women and sheep. This technique succeeded in diagnosis of the specific anti-toxoplasma Ab in sera of seven suspected sheep, all of them aborted after this. Investigation of some haematological and serum chemical parameters demonstrated significant (p≤0.05) deviations in the values of WBCs, AST, Urea and Cholesterol, which considered to be important in supporting early diagnoses of infection in suspected cases. Adaptation of modified Dot-ELISA technique described in this work perform an easily field applied mass screening technique depends on using a minute amount of serum without special equipment. Dot-ELISA by this way gathering the benefits of accuracy of EITB and overcome the cross reaction phenomenon characteristic to ELISA. This improved capability of early diagnosis<br />and control strategy of toxoplasmosis in man and animals.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201SERO-PREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMOSIS AMONG MULTIPAROUS PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE AT BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY’S HOSPITAL, EGYPT6896947773110.21608/jesp.2017.77731ENSAMAH S.ABDEL GAWADDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.MARWA A.GHIETHDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.NESREEN M.KAMELDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.SHERWET M.SHAWKEYDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef
University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.Journal Article20200317Toxoplasma gondii is a critical zoonotic protozoan infection associated with comorbidity on pregnancy and fetus. This study evaluated over a year the sero-prevalence of T. gondii among multiparous pregnant women undergoing antenatal care at Beni-Suef University’s Hospital, and estimated the risks for infection. All patients were subjected to immunological detection of both IgG & IgM anti-toxoplasmosis antibodies using ELISA. Out of 300 females, anti-T.gondii antibodies were detected in 20% (n=60) of cases. Of 60 seropositive cases, IgG+ve, IgM+ve and both IgG+ve and IgM+ve were detected in 56.6% (n=34), 23.3% (n=14) and 20% (n=12) respectively. Positive cases were common in age groups 30-40 (45%) and 20-30 (43.3%). 50% of positive patients suffered from first trimester abortion (p=0.005). History of the previous obstetric outcome was a predictive factor (p =0.002) for infection. None of other variables were risks.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201PREVALENCE OF COMMON INTESTINAL PARASITES IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION6956997773310.21608/jesp.2017.77733ENAHMED ALISABAHDepartments of Parasitology, Faculties of Medicine, Al-Azhar University for (Boys), Nasr City, Egypt.FATMA MOHAMAD EBRAHEMEL-LESSIDepartments of Parasitology, Faculties of Medicine, Al-Azhar University for (Girls), Nasr City, Egypt.Journal Article20200317The present study investigated the prevalence of common intestinal parasites in association with H. pylori infection among a group of patients with the most common chronic disease prevalent in Egypt. These patients were known to be chronic liver disease with different etiology and followed up in gastroenterology out-patients clinic. They were 77 complaining of various abdominal symptoms either some or all symptoms such as; nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, heart burn, flatulence, constipation, distension, melena and sometimes diarrhea. The diagnosis of chronic liver disease was confirmed by the history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and sonographic images. There were 37 males and 40 females with mean age (48.5+14.2). Types of liver diseases were liver cirrhosis in 28 patients and fatty liver in 49 patients (Non Alcoholic Fatty liver disease; NAFLD). None of the patients was diabetic. Afresh single fecal sample was collected from both patients and controls. Each sample was divided into two parts; one for examination of common intestinal parasites, and the other part for detection of H. pylori antigen by Copro-immunoassay. The results showed no significant difference among intestinal parasites in patients and controls. But, E. histolytic was the commonest parasite (48%) compared to; G. lamblia (4%), A. lumbricoides (5.3%), E. vermicularis (2.7%), S. mansoni (1.3%), 2/3 of patients with E. histolylica were co-infected with H. pylori infection. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was (81.8%) compared to controls (63%), with significant difference.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS AND COMPARATIVE DIAGNOSTIC STUDY BETWEEN IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE ASSAY AND ORDINARY STAINING TECHNIQUES IN DETECTION OF BLASTOCYSTIS HOMINIS IN FECAL SAMPLES7017087773410.21608/jesp.2017.77734ENADELFARGHALYDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,
Egypt.RANIA SAIDHAMZADepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,
Egypt.NAGLAA FATHYABD EL-AALDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,
Egypt.SAMIRAMETWALLYDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,
Egypt.SHAIMAA MOHAMMEDFARAGDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,
Egypt.Journal Article20200317Blastocytis hominis (B. hominis) is a prevalent protozoon parasite. Difficulties in diagnostic approach to detect this parasite are still present. Moreover, the data on its prevalence are missing in many locations and inhabitants. This study compared between the sensitivity of immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and ordinary staining methods; Iodine, Safranine Methylene Blue (SMB), Modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN) and Trichrome stains to identify B. hominis infection in fecal samples and its prevalence in Zagazig City. Full history taking and clinical examination were done for 201 cases of both sexes aged (2-50) years. Stool samples were examined using Iodine, SMB, MZN, Trichrome and IFA stains. B. hominis was detected in 85 cases (42.3%), of which 52 cases were B. hominis alone and 32 cases were asymptomatic (61.5%). The highest prevalence (49.4%) was detected among (2-15years) age group mostly males. IFA stain was taken as the gold standard. The sensitivity of trichrome, MZN, iodine, SMB stains were 91.7%, 72.9%, 60%, 55.3% respectively, and specificity was 100% for all stains.The Egyptian Society of ParasitologyJournal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology1110-058347320171201DEVELOPMENT OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA EXPERIMENTALLY IN EGYPTIAN RABBITS7097167773510.21608/jesp.2017.77735ENMOHAMED M.EI-BAHYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo university, Egypt.MORSY RATEBGENEIDYDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.EMAN M. H.MÉABEDDepartments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.EMAN K. A.BAZHDepartment of Pathology & Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour
University, Egypt.Journal Article20200317After infection of three groups of rabbits by 50, 25 and 10 F. gigantica encysted metacercariae (EMC) for each animal, a rabbit appears as an unsuitable host for the development of this species of flukes. Rabbits need special precautions to help the worms to reach maturity before death of the infected animals. The juveniles wander in the liver tissue away from the main bile ducts, and may accidentally emerge back to the peritoneal cavity and can remain there or return back by chance to the liver. Survival of the infected rabbits, the degree of pathogenisty produced and the number of extracted worms are affected by the dose of the EMC and the general health conditions of the rabbit. Infective dose (ID) of 50 EMC led to mortalities from 28th to 58th day post infection (dpi.). This was accompanied by detection of flukes in the peritoneal cavity, and the anterior cones of several worms were found penetrating the liver toward the abdominal cavity. At 58th dpi, dead animals showed marked liver cirrhosis and adhesions with the surrounding organs. Decreasing the ID to 25 EMC increased the rabbits survived till 74th dpi. The liver looked enlarged and juveniles successfully reached the main bile ducts. Successful fluke development, with low adverse changes in the liver appearance was recorded in the group infected by 10 EMC, and the animals survived till 98th dpi. The problem, at this low ID, was the decreasing in the infection rate in the exposed rabbits to 37.5%. In all groups, using ELISA technique, IgM & IgG anti-Fasciola antibodies (AFAb) increased gradually in sera. Higher titters were recorded in the group infected by 25 EMC. Prolonged migration and<br />retardation of F. gigantica growth in the infected rabbits associated with either a high or a low titters. this means that the produced AFAb lack the capacity to mediate responses that can influence parasite survival. So failure of development of F. glgantlca growth in rabbit appears to be related mainly to its innate resistance against this Fasciola sp.