@article { author = {AL-HARTHI, SAEED}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF THREE BLOOD GENOMIC-DNA PREPARATION METHODS FOR MALARIA MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88923}, abstract = {Species-specific PCR techniques are highly sensitive and reliable alternatives to classical methods for malaria diagnosis and speciation, especially in endemic regions under advanced control or elimination programs where asymptomatic and low-density infections are increasingly reported. Nevertheless, the performance of these techniques is directly affected by the quality of isolated DNA templates. A Plasmodium falciparum/vivax-specific diagnostic Nested-PCR (Pf/Pv N-PCR) was used to assess three DNA preparation methods, Qiagen® Mini-Chromatographic kit (QIAmp) and Jena-Biosciences DNA isolation kit (JB) for genomic DNA extraction from EDTA-preserved whole blood samples, and Whatman-FTA® purification reagent (FTA®) for DNA preparation from dry blood spots (DBS) collected onto FTA®- cards. A total of 84 out of 137 blood specimens collected from malaria suspicious febrile patients who visited five health care centres in south-western endemic localities of Saudi Arabia were found P. falciparum positive by at least one method. Among these, only 76 (90%) were reported P. falciparum malaria positive by two expert microscopists. No other species of Plasmodiumwere detected. Pf/Pv N-PCR revealed 84/84 (100%), 75/84 (89%), and 81 (96%) P. falciparum positive samples using DNA templates prepared by QIAmp®, JB®, and FTA® purification methods, respectively. Therefore, Pf/Pv N-PCR, when applied to QIAmp® DNA templates showed to be a highly sensitive diagnostic method, particularly useful for submicroscopic specimens from clinically malaria suspicious patients in endemic areas. On the other hand, Pf/Pv N-PCR of FTA®-DBS DNA templates revealed 5 positive cases missed by microscopy, encouraging its use as an affordable field semi-adapted protocol for malaria active screening, especially in remote rural regions with limited laboratory infrastructure.}, keywords = {Malaria diagnosis,Nested-PCR,DNA extraction,EDTA-Blood,FTA®-Blood Spots}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88923.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88923_14a0cd5dcf7465eb928c51f13ee9d892.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-GHAREEB, AZZA and WAKED, NEVEEN and AL-FEKY, HALA}, title = {CLINICAL AND PARASITOLOGICAL STUDIES ON PULMONARY AND HEPATIC HYDATID CYSTS IN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN AND ADULTS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {9-18}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88925}, abstract = {A cross sectional study compared the clinical features of the pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts in children and adults and evaluated IHAT and ELISA techniques in diagnosis. The results showed that the patients ages were 5-14 years (10.6±3.7) in children and 16-75 years (32.2±14) in adults, patients 34 (75.5%) had liver cysts, 25 (55.5%) had pulmonary cysts and 7 (15.5%) had both liver and lung cysts. In hepatic hydatidosis, 7/34 (20.5%) cases were asymptomatic while others showed variable clinical manifestations. The commonest symptom was localized right hypochondrial pain in 13 (38.2%) and the least one was jaundice in 4 (11.7%). The commonest sign was abdominal masses on the right hypochondrium in 88.2% and the least one was ascites in 5.8%.The commonest symptom of pulmonary hydatidosis was chest pain in 8 (34.7%) followed by cough and hemoptysis on 4 (17.3%) and the least one was cough and fever (8.6%). Pulmonary hydatid cysts in children were significantly higher in males (17.3%) than females(4.3%), but without significance in adults (26% in male vs. 21.7% in females). Sex difference in hydatid cyst frequencies between adults and children was significant (P <0.05). Mixed hepatic and pulmonary cysts were less in children than in adults (14.3%vs 85.7%), with huge pulmonary cysts of 20 cm were more common in children (37.7%) than in adults (17.7%). The high sensitivity (95.5%) of ELISA-IgG recommended this test showed a dependable sero-diagnosing one.}, keywords = {Egypt,Hydatidosis,clinical picture,ELISA,IHAT,children,adults}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88925.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88925_9ba58bf7364ff1a140aa0284e0e90bfa.pdf} } @article { author = {ISMAIL, HOWAIDA and SHEIR, HASSAN}, title = {IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF SPIRAMYCIN IN EXPERIMENTAL GIARDIASIS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {19-25}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88927}, abstract = {Giardiasis is a major global cause of water borne diarrheal disease, which contributes greatly to the burden of malnutrition and malabsorption especially in children. There is a great demand for a new effective therapeutic agent against giardiasis that can be used safely during pregnancy, lactation and in infants. In the present study, the therapeutic effect of spiramycin as well as its immunomodulatory mechanism of action in giardiasis had been investigated. 90 Swiss albino mice were used in this study and classified into 3 groups: GI:40 mice infected with Giardia lamblia cysts, GII: 40 infected mice that received spiramycin treatment in a daily oral dose of 1000 IU/gm body weight for one week starting one week post infection and GIII: 10 control uninfected untreated mice. 20 mice from each infected group were sacrificed 2 weeks post infection (p.i.) and the remaining mice were sacrificed 4 weeks p.i. Mice of the control groups were sacrificed at onetime. The antigiardial therapeutic efficacy of spiramycin was assessed 2 and 4 weeks p.i. by counting of Giardiacysts in stool of mice and studying the histopathological changes and disaccharidase activity in small intestine of mice of different groups. Significant reduction in cysts number shedded in stool of treated animals reached 95.73%. The histopathological changes were mild in all infected groups 2 weeks p.i., while 4 weeks p.i. There was also a significant increase in the number of IELs in treated groups denoting the stimulatory effect of spiramycin on lymphocytic proliferation. On studying the disaccharidase activity, there was significant increase in both sucrase and maltase activities in the treated groups as compared with the nontreated groups. The possible immunomodulatory mechanism of action of spiramycin was studied by measuring the local IgA deposition in small intestinal mucosa by PAP technique 4 weeks p.i. The levels of IgA in small intestine were higher in SP-treated group as compared with the non-treated group. The present results suggested that spiramycin has high efficacy as anti-giardial agent possibly by stimulation of local IgA production.}, keywords = {Spiramycin,Giardiasis,Mice,IgA}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88927.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88927_968b4f206b8375dfc93b5433a48cb5ac.pdf} } @article { author = {EIDA, OMIMA and EL-SHAFEI, HANAA and NOMEIR, YOUSRA and EL SAFHI, MOHAMMED}, title = {IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EFFICACY OF NIGELLA SATIVA AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON BLASTOCYSTIS HOMINIS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {27-34}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88928}, abstract = {Metronidazole (MTZ) was the most widely accepted treatment for Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis) with high treatment failure rate, resistance and potential mutagenic and carcinogenic effects so there is urgent need to find out new, effective and safe treatment against B. hominis. The present research aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa (NS) at different doses on B. hominis in vitro and in vivo in comparison to MTZ as a controldrug. Isolates of B. hominis were obtained from patients complaining of diarrhea and abdominal pain. Isolates were cultured in egg diphasic medium (LE) for in vitro study and to adjust proper inoculating dose for in vivo study. The aqueous extract of NS at concentrations of 100 & 500μg/ml showed a potent lethal effect on B. hominis isolates in vitro. Caecal tissue of experimentally infected and treated mice with two different doses of NS (250 & 500mg/kg/d)were examined histopathologically and compared with that of mice infected and treated by two doses of MTZ (62 & 125 mg/kg/d) as control drug and Infected untreated mice as negative control group. Histopathological examination of infected untreated group showed all pathological degrees in the caecal tissue while infected treated one showed remission of pathological changes especially with higher dose (500mg/kg). Present study proved that N. sativa had inhibitoryeffect on B. hominis in vitro and prevented cytopathic effect in infected mice inoculated orally with B. hominis.}, keywords = {B. hominis,Nigella Sativa,in vivo,in Vitro}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88928.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88928_1ea73f413320fbe49ac7ae7929fa972c.pdf} } @article { author = {SALEH, AHMAD and ADAM, SAMIA and IBRAHIM, ABEER and MORSY, TOSSON}, title = {MALARIA: A GENERAL MINIREVIEW WITH REFERENCE TO EGYPT}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {35-48}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88931}, abstract = {The majority of world's population-live in areas at risk of malaria transmission. Malaria is a serious Anopheles-borne disease that causes symptoms like the flu, as a high fever, chills, and muscle pain also, anemia, bloody stools, coma, convulsion, fever, headache, jaundice, nausea, sweating and vomiting. Symptoms tend to come and go in cycles. Apart from Anopheles vector, malaria could be transmitted nosocomial, blood transfusion or needle-stick injury Some types of malaria may cause more serious damage problems to heart, lungs, kidneys, or brain. These types can be deadly. The primary factors contributing to the resurgence of malaria are the appearance of drug-resistant strains of the parasite, the spread of insecticideresistant strains of the mosquito and the lack of licensed malaria vaccines of proven efficacy. In rare cases, people can get malaria if they come into contact with infected blood as in blood transfusion or needle-stick injury also nosocomial and congenital malaria was reported. This is a mini-review of malaria with information on the lethal to humans, Plasmodium falciparum, together with other recent developments in the field.}, keywords = {Egypt,Malaria,Diagnosis,Treatment,Travelling,prevention}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88931.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88931_6208d5a20ab1e37a4ceadd5203e7b260.pdf} } @article { author = {BADR, MOHAMED and ATTIA, SAMAR and EL-SHERBINY, WALID and EL EBIDI, ABD-ALLAH and HEFNY, HESHAM and SALEM, AHMED}, title = {GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII FROM RECENTLY INFECTED ABORTED EGYPTIAN WOMEN}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {49-55}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88933}, abstract = {Toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in human beings. Human toxoplasmosis can be associated with serious clinical manifestations, particularly in developing fetus. The aim of the current study was to identify the possible lineage type of Toxoplasma gondii, molecularly detected in placental samples of women whose pregnancies were spontaneously terminated in the first trimester. Preliminary detection of Toxoplasmagenomic materials was done by a SYBR green qPCR technology. Subsequent identification of Toxoplasma strain was done for the positive samples using PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) at the SAG2 loci of T. gondii using restriction enzymes HhaI and Sau3AI. Out of 72 tested samples, Toxoplasma B1 gene was detected in 9 cases. Toxoplasma genotypes I and II in addition to unknown type were identified in 4, 3 and 2 cases respectively, while type IIIwas not detected in our samples, hence excluded as a leading cause of abortion in humans in our preliminary study. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain to what extent the genotype of the parasite directly contributes to the clinical severity of human toxoplasmosis. Certainly, advanced molecular techniques targeting different Toxoplasma strains are crucial for better understanding of human toxoplasmosis. For more elucidation, additional studies are recommended intended for genetic characterization of such serious parasitic infection using larger number of samples.}, keywords = {Abortion,genotype,RFLP,toxoplasma gondii}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88933.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88933_ec6f885faf06b557eb2ebef283da2d22.pdf} } @article { author = {YEHIA, HODA and EL SAID, MANAL and AZMY, MAGDA and BADAWY, MOUSHIRA and MANSY, SOHEIR and GOHAR, HAMIDA and MADANY, NADIA}, title = {EFFECT OF LINEZOLID ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER ANTIBIOTICS, ON METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {57-66}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88935}, abstract = {The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphyloccoccus aureus (MRSA) strains has presented a new challenge in antimicrobial medication. Linezolid is a new drug with potent activity on Grampositive pathogens such as MRSA. The aim of the study was to investigate the in vitro activity of linezolid alone and in combination with imipenem, vancomycin or rifampicin to determine the most active therapy against MRSA strains. Twenty clinical MRSA strains were isolated from patients admitted to inpatient departments and outpatient clinics of Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. Standard strain MRSA ATCC 43300 was included as a control. The MICs of MRSA strains to linezolid, vancomycin, imipenem and rifampicin were evaluated using E test. Time-kill curve were used to assess the in vitro activity of linezolid (at 8x MIC) alone and in combination with imipenem (at 32x MIC), vancomycin or rifampicin (at 8x MIC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were performed to compare bacterial morphological alterations owing to the different combinations.Time-kill studies showed synergistic effect when linezolid combined with imipenem was tested against all the MRSA strains. Linezolid plus vancomycin or rifampicin combinations did not display any synergism or antagonism. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the interactions observed in time kill experiments. Linezolid in combination with subinhibitory concentrations of imipenem can be bactericidal against MRSA strains and appears to be apromising combination for the treatment of MRSA infections. No synergistic activity was seen when the linezolid and vancomycin or rifampicin were combined. Linezolid could prevent the emergence of mutants resistant to rifampicin}, keywords = {MRSA,Linezolid,time kill,electron microscopy}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88935.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88935_beef99e9311ecd207010026cdcd396fe.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-BAHNASAWY, MAMDOUH and EL FEKY, MOHAMMAD and MORSY, AYMAN and ISMAIL, MOUSA and MORSY, TOSSON}, title = {EGYPTIAN EOSINOPHILIC AND INFECTIOUS MENINGOENCEPHALITIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {67-80}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88945}, abstract = {Meningoencephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain and spinal cord & their covering protective membranes. Meningitis can be life-threatening because of the inflammation's proximity to the brain and spinal cord; therefore, the condition is classified as a medical emergency. The commonest symptoms of meningitis are headache and neck stiffness associated with fever, confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light (photophobia) orloud noises (phonophobia). Children often exhibit only nonspecific symptoms, such as irritability and drowsiness. If a rash is present, it may indicate a particular cause of meningitis; for instance, meningitis caused by meningococcal bacteria may be accompanied by a characteristic rash. A broad variety of allergic, infectious, neoplastic, and idiopathic diseases are associated with increased blood and/or tissue eosinophilia and range in severity from self-limited conditions to life-threatening disorders. Although accepted upper limits of normal blood eosinophil numbers vary somewhat, a value above 600 eosinophils /microL of blood is abnormal in the vast majority of cases. Generally speaking, there are several possible causes of eosinophils in the CSF; undoubtedly parasitic infection is one of the main causes.}, keywords = {Egypt,Meningoencephalitis,central nervous system,parasitosis,Psychology}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88945.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88945_ca07516171d9d1e2c9df03b7aa4a1415.pdf} } @article { author = {EL SOBKY, MONA and ISMAIL, HOWAIDA and ASSAR, ABADA}, title = {HISTOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF SOME BIOLOGICAL AGENTS ON CULEX PIPIENS LARVAE}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {81-92}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88950}, abstract = {The histochemical effects of the lethal concentration that kills 50% of larvae (LC50) of three biological agents, abamectin, Bacillus thuringiensis and spinosad on the carbohydrates (polysaccharides), proteins, nucleic acids and lipids content of the midgut and fat bodies of Culex pipiens 2nd instar larvae were studied. The results showed that the three tested compounds reduced the carbohydrates (polysaccharides), proteins, RNA synthesis and lipids content after 72 hours of treatment where abamectin was the most effective followed by Bacillus thuringiensis then spinosad.}, keywords = {Egypt,Culex pipienslarvae,Abamectin,Bacillus thuringiensis,Spinosad}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88950.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88950_1a6e3e160cc8b0feb01d20ad86e6e137.pdf} } @article { author = {ABDEL-SHAFI, IMAN and SHOEIB, EMAN and ATTIA, SAMAR and RUBIO, JOSÉ and EDMARDASH, YUSUF and EL-BADRY, AYMAN}, title = {MOSQUITO IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR XENOMONITORING OF LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS IN SELECTED ENDEMIC AREAS IN GIZA AND QUALIOUBIYA GOVERNORATES, EGYPT}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {93-100}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88953}, abstract = {Lymphatic filariasis is a vector-borne health problem that has been focally endemic in Egypt for centuries. The chief vectors of transmission are Culicinae species. Control measures in the form of mass drug administration of DEC citrate treatment have been implemented in Nile delta for almost a decade. This study aimed to identify the prevalent mosquito species in endemic areas in Giza and Qualioubiya governorates and to monitor Wuchereria bancrofti infection by detecting the parasite DNA in collected mosquitoes. Adult mosquitoes were collected using light traps hung indoors. Microscopic examination was performed to identify and examine the morphologic characters of mosquitoes. Female Culex mosquitoes were subjected to semi-nested PCR to detect filarial DNA targeting repetitive DNA sequences (pWb12 repetitive region) specific for W.bancrofti. The results revealed 3 species of mosquitoes Culex pipiens, Culex pusillus and Culex quinquefasciatus with the predominance of Culex pipiens (85.7%). Wuchereria bancrofti DNA was not detected inany of the collected mosquito pools. With the progress of elimination programme in Nile Delta, follow up studies with larger sample size are recommended as the predominance of Culex pipiens the main lymphatic filariasis vector remains a risk of transmission in such areas.}, keywords = {Egypt,Culex species,Wuchereria bancrofti,Semi-nested PCR}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88953.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88953_fe077b5e6399192a78c6c0d0c3bca972.pdf} } @article { author = {ISMAIL, MOUSA and MOUSA, WAHED and ABU-SAREA, ENAS and BASYOUNI, MAHA and MOHAMMED, SAMAH}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IMMUNOBLOT VERSUS PCR IN DIAGNOSIS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS MANSONI IN EXPERIMENTAL INFECTED MICE}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {101-108}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88954}, abstract = {This study compared PCR and Western blot techniques in diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni. Forty Swiss albino mice were used, thirty two mice were infected with cercariae of S. mansoni and eight mice were kept uninfected which were used as a control. Blood was obtained from four infected mice weekly beginning from the 1st week to the 8th week post infection. The study found that PCR was positive from the first week post infection, while Western blot technique was positive from the second week post infection. Thus, PCR diagnosed schistosomiasis mansoni earlier than Western blot technique, but both were able to diagnose.}, keywords = {Egypt,Schistosoma mansoni,PCR,Western blot technique}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88954.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88954_33cc319f97f708ebd7ea122a58fe7a77.pdf} } @article { author = {AMEEN, ABDELBADEE and ABDEL REHIM, MARWA and SHAABAN, YASSER}, title = {ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC ALTERATIONS MAY UNDERLIE MORTALITY OF SEVERE SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK PATIENTS ADMITTED TO ICU}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {109-116}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88956}, abstract = {The study evaluated endocrinal and metabolic response to sepsis and its applicability for the prediction of outcome of septic patients. Patients were 39 adult with severe infections and with- in 24 h after onset of suspected clinical tissue hypoperfusion. At enrollment patients were evaluated for acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Global hemodynamic parameters including systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR) and central venous pressure (CVP) were recorded and monitored. All patients were managed at ICU due to Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines. ELISA estimated serum copeptin, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and total cortisol (TC) and blood la ctate levels. Study outcome was survival rate via 28 days (28-D SR) and best predictorfor it. The results showed that 22 patients passed total hospital stay uneventfully for a total survival rate of 56.4%. Seventeen patients died; 10 during ICU stay and 7 during word stay. At admission serum markers levels were significantly higher in survivors and nonsurvivors compared to controls and in non-survivors compared to survivors. Survival showednegative significant cor- relation with age, high blood lactate and serum copeptin, TC and MIF levels. Survival showed positive significant correlation with SBP, CVP and urine output. ROC curve and Regression analyses defined high at admission serum copeptin and blood lactate levels as significant predictors for mortality of septic patients.}, keywords = {Septic shock,Total Cortisol,Copeptin,MIF,Survival}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88956.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88956_34f5b05a40491ca1319cb946392eaed1.pdf} } @article { author = {MOHAMED, AMAL and SAYED, OLA and ALI, OMNIA and SAYED, GHADIR and MOUSTFA, ZAINAB and ELAGAWY, WALEED}, title = {MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN AND RESPONSE TO PEGYLATED INTERFERON-ALPHA-2A TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC) GENOTYPE 4}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {117-124}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88959}, abstract = {The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection varies across the world, with the highest number of infections reported in Egypt. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent chemokine, and its hepatic expression is up-regulated during chronic HCV infection. Fifty naive patients with chronic hepatitis C in National Hepatology & Tropical Medicine Research Institute and 20 healthy volunteers as controls were enrolled in a prospective study designed with strict inclusion criteria to nullify the effect of confounding variables and further minimize selection bias. Fifty naïve patients were treated with PEG-IFN-a2b, at a dose of 180lg/kg subcutaneously every week plus ribavirin at a dose of 1000–1200 mg/day, according to the patient's body weight, for 48 weeks. Quantification of HCV-RNA by real-time PCR and MCP-1 by ELISA were performed for every patient and controls. There was a statistically significant difference between patients and control group as regards the quantity of MCP-1 (P <0.05) (Mann–Whitney test) (P =0.004). There was a significant difference between responders and nonresponses regarding MCP-1 (P < 0.05), responders showed a higher percentage of cases with initial MCP-1< 306 (P < 0.05). We conclude the importance of the detection of MCP-1 expression at the startof therapy as a factor for assessing the likelihood of HCV genotype 4 patients to achieving a sustained virological response to treatment with IFN-a2 in combination with ribavirin.}, keywords = {Egypt,Genotype 4,Hepatitis C virus,interferon,MCP-1}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88959.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88959_3ba66c15d57dfab5dfbf82c217b9ac62.pdf} } @article { author = {MOBARAK, LAMIAA}, title = {SERUM MARKERS FOR ASSESSING LIVER FIBROSIS IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND C CO-INFECTION VERSUS CHRONIC HEPATITIS C}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {125-130}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88960}, abstract = {Chronic hepatitis B and C can progress to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. The stage of liver fibrosis is critical for decision of treatment and prediction of outcomes, as life threatening complications highly develop in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive serum markers in the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with combined chronic hepatitis B and C versus those with chronic hepatitis C. This study included 2 groups; G1: combined chronic hepatitis B & C, which included 71 patients and G2: chronic hepatitis C, which included 70 patients. Liver biopsy results from both groups were recorded. Three validated blood indices Fibro Q, Fibro alpha, and Biotechnology Research Center (BRC) were tested for optimal cut off values for assessing liver fibrosis in both groups. The results showed that the area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for Fibro Q in differentiating significant fibrosis (>F2) from non-significant fibrosis (≤F2) was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.60-0.89) in the first group and 0.85(95% CI: 0.71-0.98) in the second group. AUROC for BRC was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63-0.89) in the first group and 0.75 (CI: 0.60-0.89) in the second group. Fibro alpha performed less in both groups based on AUROC 0.69 and 0.68 in the first and second group respectively.}, keywords = {Combined HBV/HCV,Chronic HCV,Liver fibrosis-non-invasive,Serum markers}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88960.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88960_c4c375fd130e50cbb2c8ccf98edcb1cd.pdf} } @article { author = {MIKHAIL, MICHEAL and ABD EL-HALIM, AZZA and SOLIMAN, MOHAMED}, title = {EFFICACY OF THREE INSECTICIDES ON RAT FLEA (XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS) INFESTING RODENTS IN GIZA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {131-134}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88961}, abstract = {The extensive use of insecticides in public health and agriculture sectors is the main reason for development of resistance in fleas associated in domestic rodents. The present work was planned to investigate the insecticidal efficacy of Lambda-cyhalothrin, Chlorpyrifos and Fenitrothion against rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) infesting rodent species in Giza Governorate, Egypt. The lethal concentration Lc50 and Lc90 of population percent were obtained from the established regression log concentrate-response lines. Data indicated that the values of lethal concentration (Lc50) were 0.293, 1.725 & 2.328 % for Lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos and Fenitrothion, respectively. The values of lethal concentration (Lc90) were 0.467, 2.839 & 5.197% for Lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos and Fenitrothion, respectively.}, keywords = {Rodent,Fleas,lambda-cyhalothrin,chlorpyrifos,fenitrothion,Insecticides}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88961.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88961_6822a1cf3982832e3170286340a9f2da.pdf} } @article { author = {MNAA, SAID and SHAKER, EMAD and MAHMOUD, HEMDAN}, title = {INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF PROTECTED EDIBLE PLANTS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY ORAL 1,4-DIOXANE}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {135-143}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88962}, abstract = {1,4-Dioxane (DX) with two oxygen atoms make it hydrophilic and infinitely soluble in water. As a synthetic organic compound, it used widely throughout industry as a solvent. Dioxane causes numerous human ailments such as liver damage and kidney failure. It has been shown in research to be carcinogenic to animals, and is a potential carcinogen to humans. Daily administration for 1,4-dioxane (100 mg/kg body weight) in drinking water for rats weighing 120 g, exceptfor normal control group. Experimental animal for 42 days was followed through body weight, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde, and catalase enzyme activity; beside histological patterns for liver, kidney, brain and ovary sections. Protection treatment has been offered using oral injection N-acetyl cysteine (100mg/kg b.wt.), and fresh 200mg/kg b.wt. in diet meal for each of nabk, husk, and sycamore in separated groups. Body weight and CAT activity have decreased by 25.8, and 68.7%, respectively. While increase has found in MDA, ALP and creatinine values by 76, 48.9, and 67.3%, respectively. NAC showed improvement especially for MDA peroxidation marker and creatinine for kidney disorder. On the other hand, nabk improved CAT activity and husk for ALP liver mutagenicity marker.Intoxicated DX showed edema, kupffer cell activation, atrophy of glomerular tuft, and necrosis of neurons in liver, kidney and brain sections. Obviously nabk showed highly improvement in liver toxicity which is the most sensitive organ to DX as found in research.}, keywords = {Dioxane,Malondialdehyde,catalase,Acetyl cysteine,Nabk,husk,Sycamore}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88962.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88962_c80fbd79ae68b5c15953cfa75a786ab1.pdf} } @article { author = {FOUAD, HANAN and ABDULLA, NOUR and EL NAGHY, SUZAN and HASSAN, EHSAN and ABD EL-HAMID, AMAL}, title = {IDENTIFICATION OF UNDERLYING CAUSES OF CHRONIC UNSPECIFIC UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL-RELATED SYMPTOMS IN CHILDREN, A PILOT STUDY}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {145-156}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88963}, abstract = {Upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) symptoms are not disease specific and of limited value in the differentiation of GIT disorders. The present study aimed to determine the etiology of chronic unspecific symptoms in children and to test the need for upper endoscopy in diagnosis. This is a prospective study for 30 Egyptian children presented with chronic upper GIT symptoms for at least 2 months. History regarding severity and frequency of GIT symptoms were asked for. Children with known disorder that explains presenting symptoms were excluded. Upper GIT endoscopy was performed and 5 biopsies were obtained for pathological examination and for H pylori testing. The results showed that children age ranged between 2.5-18 years with mean + SD of 13.6 + 3.4 and 63.3% were females. The main complaints were epigastric pain in 43.3%, hematemesis in 30% and vomiting in 26.7%. Motility disorders were diagnosed in 66.7% children; in theform of GERD in 63.3% and achalasia in one. Complication of GERD in the form of erosive esophagitis was present in 15.8% children, while Barrett’s esophagus was not observed. H. pylori infection was diagnosed in 80% histologically. Eosinophilic esophagitis was not detected.}, keywords = {children,Egypt,Endoscopy,Erosive esophagitis,GERD,H pylori,Pathology}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88963.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88963_c96c7fdaf95d375f91583140c3e03b3d.pdf} } @article { author = {DAHESH, SALWA and MIKHAIL, MICHEAL}, title = {SURVEILLANCE OF TRYPANOSOMA SPP OF RODENTS AND STUDIES IN THEIR TRANSMISSION PROBABILITY BY FLEAS IN SOME RURAL EGYPTIAN AREAS}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {157-166}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88964}, abstract = {A new public health problem arises from animal trypanosomes that afflict human by a disease called atypical human trypanosomiasis. Although humans have an innate protection against most Trypanosoma species, nineteen cases of atypical human trypanosomiasis caused by the animal trypanosome as T. b. brucei , T. vivax, T. congolense , T. evansi and T. lewisi have been recorded. Some of theserecorded cases were transient, six required trypanocidal treatments however two patients died. Rodent trypanosome, T.lewisi is transmitted via ingestion of fleas or their feces containing the infective stage, the metacyclic trypomastigote. Because of the high densities of various species of rodents and their distribution all over the country especially in rural areas, the present work aimed to evaluate the trypanosomiasis among rodents collected from November to March 2016 and study transmission probability by their fleas in some rural areas in Abu Alnomros Center, Giza. The overall trypanosomiasis prevalence among the different rodent species was (21 rats) 24.7%. All the infected rats belonged to Rattus r. spp where the prevalence of infection with Trypanosoma lewisi among that species was very high 51.2% while none of rats belonged to Rattus norvegicus were infected. That may be attributed to the solid immunity gained by the R. norvegicus where most of the collected norvegicus were aged and weighed more than 200 grams. There was an inverse significant correlation between the densities of parasites and the weights of the hosts. The rat which recorded the highest parasite density (60,000 parasites/ microliter) was a female Rattus r. captured indoor (inside house). As to sex of Rattus rattus spp no significant difference was found between males and females in trypanosomiasis. Also there was no significant correlation between the densities of parasites and the number of white blood cells among Rattus rattus spp. All positive rats were collected indoors (from houses) and all the rats which were captured from outdoors (farms) were negative for T. lewisi. The difference between infections with trypanosomiasis among rats inhabited the houses and that found in farms was highly significant. Only two species of fleas were found on rats, Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis. The oriental fleas, X. cheopis, were found mainly on R. norvegicus where 57.5% of R. norvegicus were positive for X. cheopis while only one rat was positive for L. segnis. On other hand therat fleas, L.segnis, were found mainly on Rattus rattus spp where 39% of these rats were positive for L. segnis. The present work revealed a significant correlation between the infection with T. lewisi and the presence of L. segnis on the rats however that correlation regarding X. cheopis was not significant.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88964.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88964_ac7504a3a5d045823016e7c863f6e918.pdf} } @article { author = {AL-AGROUDI, MAHFOUZ and AHMED, SALWA and MORSY, TOSSON}, title = {INTERVENTION PROGRAM FOR NURSING STAFF REGARDING APPROACH TO A PATIENT WITH SPIDER PHOBIA AND/OR BITE}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {167-178}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88966}, abstract = {Spider bites are uncommon medical events, since there are limited number of spiders worldwide with fangs strong enough to pierce human skin, and most spiders bite humans only as a final defense when being crushed between skin and another object. Thus, most lesions attributed to spider bites are caused by some other etiology. The spiders that can cause medically significant bites include widow and false widow spiders (worldwide), recluse spiders (mostly Northand South America), Australian funnel web spiders (eastern coastal Australia) and Phoneutria spiders (Brazil). Acute spider bites most commonly result in a solitary papule, pustule, or wheal. Systemic symptoms can accompany envenomation of widow; funnel web, and Phoneutria spiders, and less often, those of recluse spiders.}, keywords = {Spiders,Medical importance,Nursing,control,General review}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88966.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88966_977e371a87be3c80aefbf2fdea5ba71c.pdf} } @article { author = {HASSAN, MOSTAFA and AMER, MOUNIR and HAMMAD, KOTB and ZIDAN, MAHMOUD}, title = {ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY FOR EXCRETION AND SECRETION OF THE GREENBOTTLE FLY LARVAE LUCILIA SERICATA (MEIGEN) (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE)}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {179-184}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88970}, abstract = {Sterile larval excretion/secretion (ES) exhibited antibacterial activity against some species of bacteria. They were shown to inhibit the growth of Gram–positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis Gram–negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Fungi Geotricum candidum and Aspergillus fumigatus thus exhibited limited inhibitory effect towards Gram–positive bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis and Gram–negative Proteous vulgaris and Fungi Syncephalastrum racemosum, Candida albicans, that effect was slowed down when challenged with secretion on a solid media but no zone of complete inhibition was detected. Growth inhibiting activity was determined in liquid growth media using the Gram-positive, Gram–negative bacterial and fungal strains as indicator organisms.}, keywords = {antimicrobial activity,antifungal activity,Maggot therapy,Lucilia sericata,Excretion/ Secretion and Greenbottle fly larvae}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88970.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88970_89fb3d4efd7c3ce0734d733433e34f88.pdf} } @article { author = {ABOUEL-NOUR, MOHAMED and EL-SHEWEHY, DINA and HAMADA, SHADIA and MORSY, TOSSON}, title = {THE EFFICACY OF THREE MEDICINAL PLANTS; GARLIC, GINGER AND MIRAZID AND A CHEMICAL DRUG METRONIDAZOLE AGAINST CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM: II- HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {185-200}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88971}, abstract = {Cryptosporidiosis parvum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite infects intestinal epithelial cells of man and animals causing a major health problem. This study was oriented to evaluate the protective and curative capacity of garlic, ginger and mirazid in comparison with metronidazole drug (commercially known) against Cryptosporidium in experimental mice. Male Swiss Albino mice experimentally infected with C. parvum were treated with medicinal plants extracts (Ginger,Mirazid, and Garlic) as compared to chemical drug Metronidazole. Importantly, C. parvum- infected mice treated with ginger, Mirazid, garlic and metronidazole showed a complete elimination in shedding oocysts by 9th day PI. The reduction and elimination of shedding oocysts in response to the treatments might be attributable to a direct effect on parasite growth in intestines, sexual phases production and/ or the formation of oocysts. The results were evaluatedhistopathological examination of ileum section of control mice (uninfected, untreated) displayed normal architecture of the villi. Examination of infected mice ileum section (infected, untreated) displayed histopathological alterations from uninfected groups. Examination of ileum section prepared from mice treated with garlic, ginger, mirazid, and metronidazole displayed histopathological alterations from that of the control groups, and showed marked histologiccorrection in the pattern with the four regimes used in comparison to control mice. Garlic successfully eradicated oocysts of infected mice from stool and intestine. Supplementation of ginger to infected mice markedly corrected elevation in the inflammatory risk factors and implied its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capabilities. Infected mice treated with ginger, mirazid, garlic and metronidazole showed significant symptomatic improvements during treatment.}, keywords = {cryptosporidiosis,histopathology,Garlic,Ginger,Mirazid,Metronidazole,Mice}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88971.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88971_b320403a344f44cf19438096dbf04baa.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-BALI, MOHAMMED and ZAGLOOL, DINA and KHODARI, YOUSIF and AL-HARTHI, SAEED}, title = {APPRAISAL OF PRENATAL ANTI-TOXOPLASMA GONDII (IGG+IGM)- IHA/IGM-ELISA SCREENING IN SINGLE SAMPLES VIA IGG AVIDITY TEST}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {201-208}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88972}, abstract = {Congenital toxoplasmosis is associated with important morbidity and mortality. Since vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii can occur in acute cases, antenatal screening for recent infections is vital. Accurate determination of acute toxoplasmosis requires a combination of immunoassays, usually not routinely applied for screening purposes. This study evaluated the anti-T. gondii (IgG+IgM)/IgM prenatal screening procedure by IgG avidity assay. The routine prenatal screening for (IgG+IgM) anti-T. gondii by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) in serum samples was done of 2247 pregnant women who attended two hospitals between 2011 and 2013 revealed 487 (21.7%) positive samples. Examinationof IHA-positive sera by IgM and IgG/IgG-avidity concurrent ELISA tests revealed 7 positive and 3 border-line IgM-ELISA titers during the initial check-up of 10 women, who were then followed up at 3-4 week-intervals. Among these, 4 (40%) showed simultaneous high avidity IgG antibodies, indicating distant infection by the parasite, and no anti-T. gondii specific IgG could be detected in follow-up sera of two cases (20%), indicating false IgM initial positive results. Only 4 (40%) women showed simultaneous IgM and low avidity IgG antibodies indicating active infections. Avoidance of an overdiagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis Anti-T. gondii (IgG+IgM)/IgM prenatal screening must be supplemented by a discriminative test like IgG avidity ELISA.}, keywords = {antenatal,Toxoplasmosis,Screening,hemagglutination,IgM-ELISA,IgG avidity}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88972.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88972_103ec766a4fe0b499825b4ed6db4e76c.pdf} } @article { author = {ALSHEIKH, ADEL and MOHAMMED, W. and NOURELDIN, E. and DAFFALLA, O. and SHRWANI, Y. and HOBANI, K. and ALSHEIKH, F. and ALZAHRANI, M. and BINSAEED, A.}, title = {STUDIES ON AEDES AEGYPTI RESISTANCE TO SOME INSECTICIDES IN THE JAZAN DISTRICT, SAUDI ARABIA}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {209-216}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88974}, abstract = {The present study provided information on the susceptibility status of the adult and larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Bioassay tests were performed on adults and larvae by using WHO recommended concentrations and test kits. Adults of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to test papers impregnated with Lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%), Cyfluthrin (0.15%), Deltamethrin (0.05%), Permethrin (0.75%), Fenitrothion (1%), Bendiocarb(0.1%) and DDT (4%) insecticides. Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were found to be susceptible only to Cyfluthrin; (mortality rate was 100 %), whereas variable resistances were observed from the rest of the other insecticides tested (mortality rates ranged between 93.6 and 17%). Larvae were subjected to different concentrations of Diflubenzuron, Methoprene (IGRs) and Temephos (Organophosphate). Adult emergence inhibition (IE50 & IE95) values for the IGRs and the (LC50 & LC95)for Temephos were determined by log-probit regression analysis. Ae. aegypti larvae were resistant to Temephos (LC50 61.8 - LC95 35600.1 mg/l) and showed high susceptibility to Methoprene than Diflubenzuron (IE50 0.49 - IE95 10.9 mg/l) and (IE50 0.86 and IE95 93.8 mg/l), respectively. Larvae were more susceptible to Methoprene than Diflubenzuron by 1.8 folds.}, keywords = {Jazan region,Saudi Arabia,Insecticides,resistance,Aedes aegypti}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88974.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88974_24cc2978fd4e8999bf7cf7556ba15a5d.pdf} } @article { author = {SHARAF, OSAMA and AMIR, ELAMIR and HAWASH, YOUSRY}, title = {LYMPHO-PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSES TO VARIOUS FASCIOLA HEPATICA WORM'S ANTIGENS: AN IN VITRO STUDY}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {217-222}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88976}, abstract = {Fascioliasis is an important zoonotic disease with approximately 2-4 million people infected worldwide and a further 180 million at risk of infection. F. hepatica can survive within the bile ducts for many years through its ability to suppress the host immunity with Fasciola cathepsin L1 cysteine protease and Glutathione S transferase playing an important role. The aim of the present study is to investigate the in vitro lympho-proliferative responses of hepatic hilar lymphocytes (HLN) of infected sheep in response to different F. hepatica antigens. The suppressive effects of Fasciola excretory/secretory (ES) and tegument (TEG) and their fractions were also investigated. Our results showed that both ES and TEG had significant suppressive effects on lymphoproliferation, up to 74% and 92%, respectively. When these antigens were fractionated, fraction 3 (MW of ˃10000-30000) of both ES (64%) and TEG (59%) in addition to fraction 4 (MW of ≤ 10000) of TEG (38%) inherited the suppressive effects. Identification of the potential molecule(s) with such suppressive effects on lymphocytes in TEG fraction 4 could reveal vaccine candidates.}, keywords = {Fasciola hepatica,tegument,excretory/secretory,lympho-proliferation}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88976.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88976_717b2d6978608c86cdc1c2a7f28982bf.pdf} } @article { author = {EL-TAWDY, AHMED and IBRAHIM, EISSA and ABDALLAH, EMAN and AL SAKHAWY, EMAN and MORSY, TOSSON}, title = {MAGGOT DEBRIDEMENT THERAPY (MDT): IT IS SAFE AND ECONOMIC FOR TREATING A DIABETIC FOOT ULCER}, journal = {Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, volume = {46}, number = {1}, pages = {223-234}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Egyptian Society of Parasitology}, issn = {1110-0583}, eissn = {2090-2549}, doi = {10.21608/jesp.2016.88979}, abstract = {Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is the major global and devastating complication of diabetes mellitus that affects at least 20% of diabetic patients during their lifetime. This article presents an overview of the research evidence on maggot debridement therapy that serves as a guide to health professionals who may be users of this form of treatment now and in the future.}, keywords = {diabetic foot ulcer,Maggot debridement therapy,Review}, url = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88979.html}, eprint = {https://jesp.journals.ekb.eg/article_88979_c07bb7610ce2d206dec681bffafac475.pdf} }